diplomsko delo
Urh Toš (Author), Blaž Karpe (Mentor), Tomaž Tomše (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Magneti pridobljenih iz elementov redkih zemelj postajajo vse bolj pomembni za vzdrževanje dandanašnjega stila življenja, saj se uporabljajo v napravah, ki za delovanje potrebujejo električne motorje. Predvsem v tistih, ki zahtevajo maksimalne zmogljivosti in energijske učinkovitosti. Med drugim so tudi nepogrešljiv del naprav za shranjevanje podatkov in pridobivanje električne energije, na primer trdi diski in vetrne turbine. Zato je optimizacija njihove izdelave zelo pomembna, saj so magnetne lastnosti odvisne od pogojev izdelave. Zaradi Kitajskega omejevanja izvoza surovin, katere so nujno potrebne za izdelavo trajnih magnetov iz redkih zemelj, se evropska unija vse bolj usmerja v vzpostavitev lastnega sistema proizvodnje magnetov od surovin do končnih produktov. En izmed projektov, ki jih podpira evropska unija je tudi RECO2MAG projekt. Projekt povezuje več raziskovalnih in izobraževalnih inštitucij ter podjetij iz držav evropske unije, Črne Gore in Srbije. Cilj je razviti tehnologije za izdelavo Nd-Fe-B magnetov najvišjih kvalitet. V okviru tega projekta smo za potrebe primerjav med klasičnim postopkom sintranja v vakuumu in sintranja z iskrečo se plazmo, optimizirali parametre klasičnega sintranja in toplotne obdelave prahu R33, ki so ga za nas izdelali v podjetju Magneti Ljubljana d.d.. Prvi del priprave magnetov za optimizacijo parametrov sintranja zajema oblikovanje elastičnega modela v katerega nasujemo prah, ga magnetno usmerimo in izostatsko stisnemo. Temu sledi optimizacija tehnoloških parametrov sintranja v vakuumu, za konec pa še optimizacija toplotne obdelave. Slednja nam da končne magnetne lastnosti magneta. Pri ugotavljanju ustreznih pogojev, smo merili gostote po sintranju in magnetne lastnosti. Ko smo optimizirali sintranje v vakuumu, smo določili še optimalne pogoje toplotne obdelave, temu pa je sledila analiza rezultatov in primerjava mikrostruktur izbranih sintranih in toplotno obdelanih vzorcev z vrstičnim elektronskim mikroskopom.

Keywords

Optimizacija;metalurgija prahov;Nd-Fe-B;trajni magneti;sintranje v vakuumu;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL NTF - Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering
Publisher: [U. Toš]
UDC: 669
COBISS: 168260355 Link will open in a new window
Views: 34
Downloads: 6
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: optimization of sintering conditions and characterization of samples prepared from microcrystalline Nd-Fe-B-type powders
Secondary abstract: Magnets obtained from rare earth elements are becoming increasingly important in sustaining today's lifestyle, as they are used in devices that require electric motors to operate. Especially in those that require maximum power and energy efficiency. Among other things, they are also an indispensable component of devices for data storage and power generation, such as hard drives and wind turbines. Optimising their production is therefore of great importance, because the magnetic properties depend on the manufacturing conditions. As China restricts the export of raw materials essential for the production of rare earth permanent magnets, the European Union has started to focus on building its own magnet production system from raw materials to final products. One of the projects supported by the European Union is the RECO2MAG project. The project links several research and educational institutions and companies from countries of the European Union, Montenegro and Serbia. The aim is to develop technologies for the production of high-quality Nd-Fe-B magnets. As a part of this project, we optimised the parameters for traditional vacuum sintering and heat treatment of R33 powder provided by Magneti Ljubljana d.d. The results obtained were used to compare the traditional approach with spark plasma sintering. The first step in preparing the magnets is to make an elastic mould into which we pour the powder, magnetically align it and isostatically compact it. This was followed by optimizing vacuum sintering and finally the heat treatment process. Through the latter, we obtain the final magnetic properties of the magnets. To determine the appropriate conditions, we measured the density and magnetic properties after sintering. After optimising the parameters for vacuum sintering, we also determined the optimal conditions for heat treatment. The results are analysed and the microstructures of selected sintered and heat-treated samples are compared.
Secondary keywords: Optimisation;powder metallurgy;Nd-Fe-B;permanent magnets;vacuum sintering;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE): 1970-01-01
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Naravoslovnotehniška fak., Oddelek za materiale in metalurgijo
Pages: XIII, 48 f.
ID: 19956553