diplomsko delo
Lara Metličar (Author), Alan Kacin (Reviewer), Miroljub Jakovljević (Mentor), Tjaž Brezovar (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Uvod: Astma je kronična vnetna bolezen dihalnih poti. Njene posledice so zožitve dihalnih poti, ki se kažejo kot težko dihanje, kašelj, piskanje in stiskanje v prsih. Za to boleznijo zboli približno 10 % otrok do 18. leta starosti in je tretji najpogostejši razlog za hospitalizacijo otrok. Otroci z astmo so v primerjavi z zdravimi otroki bolj nagnjeni k telesno nedejavnemu načinu življenja. Aerobna vadba izboljša srčnopljučno funkcijo, krepi srčno-žilni in dihalni sistem. Je vrsta vadbe, pod katero spadajo tek, nordijska hoja, kolesarjenje, plavanje ipd. Namen: na podlagi pregleda literature predstaviti učinke aerobne vadbe pri otrocih z astmo. Metode dela: Literaturo smo iskali v: Google Učenjak, PEDro, PubMed in Cochrane Library. Iskani so bili znanstveni in strokovni članki v slovenskem in angleškem jeziku, v katerih so preučevali učinke aerobne vadbe ali kombinirane vadbe pri astmatičnih otrocih, objavljeni med letom 2006 in 2020. Rezultati: Analiziranih je bilo devet raziskav, v katerih so preučevali vpliv aerobne ali kombinirane vadbe na otroke z astmo, stare največ 18 let. Otroci so izvajali samo aerobno vadbo, kombinirano vadbo (aerobno vadbo in vadbo proti uporu) ali vadbo v kombinaciji z zdravili. Merilna orodja uporabljena pri raziskavah so bila: vprašalnik o kakovosti življenja otrok z astmo, šestminutni test hoje, Borgova lestvica, forsiran ekspiratorni volumen v prvi sekundi, forsirana vitalna kapaciteta, razmerje med forsiranim ekspiratornim volumnom v prvi sekundi in forsirano vitalno kapaciteto, največji pretok zraka v izdihu in maksimalna poraba kisika. Statistično pomembne razlike so bile opažene v aerobni zmogljivosti astmatičnih otrok v poskusnih skupinah, ki so izvajale samo aerobno vadbo ali kombinirano vadbo, v primerjavi s primerjalno skupino. Razprava in zaključek: V analiziranih raziskavah so avtorji ugotovili, da aerobna ali kombinirana vadba zvišuje kakovost življenja astmatičnih otrok in izboljšuje njihovo aerobno vzdržljivost. Ugotovili so tudi občutno zmanjšanje napora med vadbo, ki so ga merili z Borgovo lestvico in na pljučne funkcije; najboljše rezultate opazimo pri merjenju največjega pretoka zraka pri izdihu. Aerobna ali kombinirana vadba dokazano pomaga pri blaženju simptomov astme pri otrocih, ter izboljša njihovo kakovost življenja. Potrebne so nadaljnje raziskave s poenotenim protokolom obravnave in večjim številom preiskovancev.

Keywords

diplomska dela;fizioterapija;astma;otroci;otroška astma;vadba;aerobna vadba;telesna dejavnost;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL ZF - University College of Health Studies
Publisher: [L. Metličar]
UDC: 615.8
COBISS: 169023747 Link will open in a new window
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Downloads: 2
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Effect of aerobic or combined exercise on asthmatic children - literature review
Secondary abstract: Introduction: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways in the lungs. It is characterized by variable and recurrent symptoms, reversible airflow obstruction, and easily triggered bronchospasms. Symptoms include episodes of wheezing, cough, chest tightness, and shortness of breath. About 10% of children under the age of 18 have this condition which is also the third most common reason for hospitalization in children. Children with asthma are prone to an inactive lifestyle compared to healthy children. Aerobic exercise helps with cardiopulmonary function, strengthens the cardiovascular and respiratory system. It is a prolonged type of exercise that includes running, Nordic walking, cycling, swimming, etc. Purpose: To present the effects of aerobic or combined exercise in children with asthma based on a literature review. Methods: We searched the literature in PEDro, PubMed, and Cochrane Library. We searched for scientific articles in Slovene and English, randomized controlled trials, studies published between 2006 and 2020, studies involving asthmatic adolescents and studies investigating the effects of aerobic exercise or a combination of aerobic and anaerobic exercise. Results: Nine studies examining the effects of aerobic or combines exercise in children with asthma aged 18 years or older were analyzed. The children performed aerobic exercise only, combined exercise (aerobic exercise and resistance training) or exercise combined with medication. The measuring tools used in the studies were: Paediatric asthma quality of life questionnaire, 6-minute walk test, Borg scale, forced expiratory volume in one second, forced vital capacity, their ratio, peak flow rate and maximal oxygen consumption. Statistically significant differences were observed in the aerobic capacity of asthmatic children in the intervention groups that performed only aerobic exercise or combined exercise compared with the intervention group that did not perform exercise. Discussion and conclusion: In the analysed studies the authors found that aerobic or combines exercise increased the quality of life of asthmatic children and improved their aerobic endurance. They also found a significant reduction in effort during exercise, as measured by the Borg scale, and in lung function; the best results were observed when peak expiratory flow was measured. Aerobic or combined exercise has been shown to help alleviate asthma symptoms in children and improve their quality of life. Further studies with a uniform treatment protocol and with larger samples are needed.
Secondary keywords: diploma theses;physiotherapy;asthma;children;paediatric asthma;exercise;aerobic exercise;physical training;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za fizioterapijo
Pages: 33 str.
ID: 20369581