Epidemiologija raka dojk in presejanje

Maja Primic-Žakelj (Author), Vera Pompe-Kirn (Author)

Abstract

Breast is the most frequent cancer site in Slovenia female population. In the year 1995 there were 784 new breast cancer cases registered (76.7/100.000), the incidence is expected to increase in the next ten years. The percentage ofcases diagnosed with localised disease is increasing; in the year 1995 it was 44%. Despite the increasing survival (67% relative survival of patients diagnosed in the years 1988-92), breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related cause of death in females. Besides age and sex, the establishshed breast cancer risk factors include certain benign breast diseases, family history, ionising radiation, some reproductive factors and obesity. Primary prevention includes general recommendations for healthy life style, e.g. avoidance of obesity, diet, physical activity and moderate alcoholconsumption. Regular screening of women over 50 by mammography with or without clinical examination is supposed to reduce mortality among them for about 30%. Population screening is generally recommended for women aged 50 andover. Breast cancer could be achieved only by combined efforts directed onto primary prevention and early detection, as well as by improving availability of effective treatment, and make investments where they prove most cost-effective.

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Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	1998
Typology:	1.02 - Review Article
Organization:	OI - Institute of Oncology
Publisher:	Slovenian Medical Society - Section of Radiology ; Croatian Medical Association - Croatian Society of Radiology
UDC:	616-006
COBISS:	8008921
ISSN:	1318-2099
Views:	8
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Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Breast cancer epidemiology and screening
Secondary abstract:	Rak dojk je v Sloveniji najpogostejši rak pri ženskah. Leta 1995 je za njim zbolelo 784 žensk (76,7/100.000), pričakujemo pa , da se bo v prihodnjih desetih letih incidenca še večala. Delež rakov, odkritih v omejenem stadiju se povečuje; leta 1995 je bilo takih 44% vseh primerov. Čeprav se je preživetjolnic izboljšalo (67-odstotno 5-letno relativno preživetje bolnic z rakritim v letih 1988-92), ostaja rak dojk pri ženskah na prvem mestu med vzroki smrti zaradi raka. Med dikazane nevarnostne dejavnike sodijo poleg spola in starosti še poprejšnji rak dojk , nekatere benigne bolezni dojk, družinska obremenitev, ionizirajoče sevanje, nekateri reproduktivni dejavniki in debelost. V primarni preventivi zaenkrat ni posebnih priporočil, so le splošna: vzdrževanje normalne telesne teže, pravilna prehrana, telesna dejavnost in zmernost pri pitju alkoholnih pijač. Ocenjujejo, da presejanje, redno mamografsko pregledovannje žensk po 50. letu starosti z dodatnim kliničnim pregledom ali brez njega, zmanjša umrljivost za rakom dojk med pregledanimi za okrog 30%. Populacijsko presejanje priporočajo večinoma po 50.letu starosti. Problem raka dojk je mogoče reševati celostno, s primarno preventivo, zgodnjim odkrivanjem in dostopnostjo do užinkovitega zdravljenja, predvsem pa z vlaganjem sredstev tja, kjer je razmerje med stroški in koristjonajugodnejše.
Secondary keywords:	Breast neoplasms;Epidemiology;Diagnosis;Risk factors;Mass screening;
Source comment:	Rener M, Vargazon T, Kadivec M, editors. Šola mamografske diagnostike. Ljubljana: Onkološki inštitut; BSDOCID39805;
Pages:	str. S7-14
Volume:	ǂLetn. ǂ32
Issue:	ǂsuppl. ǂ7
Chronology:	1998
ID:	21151680