diplomsko delo
Blažka Ovniček (Author), Tina Gogova (Reviewer), Darja Thaler (Mentor)

Abstract

Uvod: Paliativna oskrba je namenjena pacientom, katerih bolezni ni možno ozdraviti, ampak le lajšati njene simptome. Tovrstna oskrba se po svetu razlikuje, kar je vidno predvsem v Aziji in Afriki, od medicinskih sester pa zahteva mnogo več znanja, veščin in tudi trdnosti ter profesionalnosti, s katerimi se v drugih oblikah zdravstvene oskrbe redko srečamo. Velik problem predstavlja nezadostno znanje medicinskih sester predvsem o komunikaciji s pacientom ter o samem pristopu k pacientu. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je predstaviti povzetek literature ter intervencij, ki jih izvajajo medicinske sestre v paliativni oskrbi v azijskih in afriških državah. Metode dela: Opravljena je bila deskriptivna metoda dela. Narejen je bil pregled slovenske in tuje strokovne ter znanstvene literature. Pregledani članki so se osredotočali na paliativno oskrbo v azijskih in afriških državah ter poklicne kompetence medicinskih sester v paliativni oskrbi. Literatura je ustrezala naslednjim kriterijem: viri niso starejši od 10 let, so v slovenskem ali angleškem jeziku in do njih je mogoč prost dostop. Rezultati: Poklicne kompetence v paliativni oskrbi se med državami precej razlikujejo: ponekod zdravila predpisuje zdravnik in aplicira medicinska sestra, drugod predpisuje zdravila medicinska sestra in aplicirajo prostovoljci. V večini primerov so medicinske sestre edini stik z zdravstveno oskrbo, ki jo pacienti dobijo, glede na njihovo oddaljenost od javnozdravstvenih ustanov. Zato imajo manjše hospic enote, da je zagotovitev oskrbe lažja. Posledično je tudi psihofizična obremenitev medicinskih sester večja in povzroča sindrom izgorevanja izvajalcev paliativne oskrbe. Primerjava med bolj razvito in manj razvito celino pokaže, da so si države izbora precej podobne glede pomanjkanja znanja o paliativni oskrbi, uporabi in izobraževanju o poklicnih kompetencah. Razprava in zaključek: Paliativna oskrba je v azijskih in afriških državah precej nerazvita. Medicinske sestre imajo premalo znanja o tovrstni oskrbi, poklicnih kompetencah, ki jih zajema, ter o holističnem pristopu k pacientu, ki je v terminalni fazi življenja in potrebuje psihično podporo. To potrebujejo njegovi svojci tudi v času žalovanja. Pokazala se je velika potreba po tovrstnem izobraževanju medicinskih sester, ki je sedaj že prisotno v izobraževalnih ustanovah za zdravstveno nego. Paliativna oskrba kot samostojna oblika zdravstvene oskrbe tako počasi, vendar profesionalno napreduje.

Keywords

diplomska dela;zdravstvena nega;paliativa;poklicne kompetence;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL ZF - University College of Health Studies
Publisher: [B. Ovniček]
UDC: 616-083
COBISS: 177587715 Link will open in a new window
Views: 17
Downloads: 2
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Professional competencies of palliative care nurses: a comparison between Asian and African countries
Secondary abstract: Introduction: Palliative care is intended for patients whose disease cannot be cured, but only to relieve its symptoms. This type of care varies around the world, especially in Asia and Africa, and requires far more knowledge, skills, and also solidity and professionalism from nurses that are rarely encountered in other forms of healthcare. A major problem is the lack of knowledge of nurses, especially about communication with the patient and about the approach to the patient itself. Purpose: the aim of the thesis is to present a summary of the literature and interventions performed by nurses in palliative care in Asian and African countries. Methods: a descriptive method of work was used. A review of Slovenian and foreign professional and scientific literature was made. The reviewed articles focused on palliative care in Asian and African countries and the professional competencies of palliative care nurses. The literature met the following criteria: the sources are not older than 10 years, are in Slovenian or English and are freely accessible. Results: Professional competencies in palliative care vary considerably from one country to another: in some cases medicines are prescribed by a doctor and administered by a nurse, in others medicines are prescribed by a nurse and administered by volunteers. In most cases, nurses are the only contact with the health care patients recieve, given their distance from public health facilities. Therefore, they have smaller hospice units to provide care easier. As a result, the psychophysical load on nurses is also greater and causes burnout syndrome of palliative care providers. A comparison between the more developed and less developed countries shows that the selection countries are quite similar in terms of lack of knowledge about palliative care, use and training of vocational competencies. Discussion and conclusion: Palliative care is largely underdeveloped in Asian and African countries. Nurses lack knowledge about this type of care, the professional competencies it covers, and the holistic approach to patients who are in the terminal phase of life and need psychological support. This is what theirs families need even in times of grief. There has been a great need for this kind of education of nurses, which is already present in educational institutions for nursing. Palliative care as an independent form of health care in progressing slowly but professionally.
Secondary keywords: diploma theses;nursing care;palliative care;professional competencies;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za zdravstveno nego
Pages: 36 str.
ID: 21736131