diplomska naloga št.: 458/B-GR
Hana Vidic (Author), Janko Logar (Mentor), Jasna Smolar (Co-mentor)

Abstract

V diplomski nalogi so opisani različni pristopi, ki vključujejo trajnostni razvoj v zemeljskih delih. Ti pristopi so združeni v tri glavne kategorije: izboljšanje temeljnih tal, optimizacija izvajanja zemeljskih del in uporaba nadomestnih gradbenih materialov. Z izboljšanjem temeljnih tal (npr. zgoščanje, gruščnati koli, kemično injektiranje …) lahko nadomestimo izkop in zamenjavo slabih tal. Pri izbiri najustreznejše metode upoštevamo potrebe projekta, omejitve lokacije in vplive na okolje. Za optimizacijo zemeljskih del lahko uporabimo različne sisteme in algoritme. V nalogi je predstavljen integriran sistem, ki ga je razvil Gomes Correia (2015). integriran sistem iz vnesenih podatkov o razpoložljivi opremi in ostalih potrebnih podatkov, pridobljenih s podatkovnim rudarjenjem, najde optimalno razporeditev opreme ter poteka dela s pomočjo genskih algoritmov, kar predstavlja rešitev optimizacijskega problema. Optimalno rešitev lahko prilagaja v realnem času za vsako fazo projekta. Uporaba nadomestnih materialov v zemeljskih delih predstavlja ustrezno alternativo naravnim materialom. Podrobneje so opisane lastnosti in možna področja uporabe gradbenih odpadkov (vključno z zemeljskimi izkopi), livarskega peska, elektrofiltrskega pepela in žlindre, ki imajo tako z vidika količin, v katerih nastajajo, kot tudi po fizikalno-mehanskih lastnostih potencial za uporabo v zemeljskih delih. Podatki iz literature kažejo, da nekateri nadomestni materiali (npr. žlindra) dolgoročno niso volumsko stabilni. Zato smo izvedli numerično analizo cestnega nasipa s conarno zgradbo in ob upoštevanju različnih volumskih deformacij (1, 2 in 4 %) materiala v jedru nasipa. Namen numerične analize je preveriti vpliv nabrekanja materiala na nasip in voziščno konstrukcijo.

Keywords

gradbeništvo;diplomske naloge;UNI;GR;B-GR;geotehnika;trajnostni razvoj;zemeljska dela;nadomestni gradbeni materiali;gradbeni odpadki;livarski pesek;elektrofiltrski pepel;žlindra;izboljšanje temeljnih tal;optimizacija;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL FGG - Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering
Publisher: [H. Vidic]
UDC: 502.131.1:624.13(043.2)
COBISS: 178596099 Link will open in a new window
Views: 93
Downloads: 10
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Optimization of earthworks to reduce environmental impacts
Secondary abstract: The graduation thesis describes various approaches involving sustainable development in earthworks. These approaches are grouped into three main categories: ground improvement, optimization of earthwork execution, and the use of alternative construction materials. By ground improvement (e.g., compaction, stone columns, chemical grouting …), excavation and replacement of poor soils can be avoided. The choice of the most suitable method takes into account project needs, site limitations, and environmental impacts. For the optimization of earthworks, different systems and algorithms can be utilized. In the graduation thesis we present an integrated system developed by Gomes Correia (2015). Integrated system based on input data about available equipment and other necessary information obtained through data mining identifies the optimal allocation of equipment and workflow by utilizing genetic algorithms, which presents a solution to the optimization problem. The optimal solution can be adjusted in real-time for each project phase. The use of alternative materials in earthworks provides a suitable alternative to natural materials. The properties and potential applications of construction waste (including excavated soil), foundry sand, fly ash, and slag are described in detail, since these materials show potential for use in earthworks both in terms of the quantities generated and their physical and mechanical properties. Literature data indicate that some alternative materials (e.g., slag) may not be volumetrically stable in the long term. Therefore, a numerical analysis of a road embankment with a layered structure was conducted, considering different volumetric deformations (1, 2 and 4 %) of the material within the embankment core. The purpose of the numerical analysis is to assess the impact of material swelling on the embankment and pavement construction.
Secondary keywords: graduation thesis;civil engineering;geotechnics;sustainability;earthworks;alternative building materials;construction waste;foundry sand;fly ash;slag;ground improvement;optimization;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Fak. za gradbeništvo in geodezijo
Pages: XIV, 42 str.
ID: 22264500