Shubhadeep Sadhukhan (Author), Samo Penič (Author), Aleš Iglič (Author), Nir S. Gov (Author)

Abstract

Cell spreading and motility on an adhesive substrate are driven by the active physical forces generated by the actin cytoskeleton. We have recently shown that coupling curved membrane complexes to protrusive forces, exerted by the actin polymerization that they recruit, provides a mechanism that can give rise to spontaneous membrane shapes and patterns. In the presence of an adhesive substrate, this model was shown to give rise to an emergent motile phenotype, resembling a motile cell. Here, we utilize this “minimal-cell” model to explore the impact of external shear flow on the cell shape and migration on a uniform adhesive flat substrate. We find that in the presence of shear the motile cell reorients such that its leading edge, where the curved active proteins aggregate, faces the shear flow. The flow-facing configuration is found to minimize the adhesion energy by allowing the cell to spread more efficiently over the substrate. For the non-motile vesicle shapes, we find that they mostly slide and roll with the shear flow. We compare these theoretical results with experimental observations, and suggest that the tendency of many cell types to move against the flow may arise from the very general, and non-cell-type-specific mechanism predicted by our model.

Keywords

mobilnost celice;citoskeleton;strižni tok;adhezija;ukrivljenost proteinov v membrani;cell motility;cytoskeleton;shear flow;adhesion;curved membrane protein;

Data

Language: English
Year of publishing:
Typology: 1.01 - Original Scientific Article
Organization: UL FE - Faculty of Electrical Engineering
UDC: 577
COBISS: 154483715 Link will open in a new window
ISSN: 2296-634X
Views: 15
Downloads: 1
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Other data

Secondary language: Slovenian
Secondary keywords: mobilnost celice;citoskeleton;strižni tok;adhezija;ukrivljenost proteinov v membrani;
Type (COBISS): Article
Pages: str. 1-10
Issue: ǂVol. ǂ11, [article no.] 1193793
Chronology: 2023
DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1193793
ID: 23324022