Martina Koukolíková (Author), Pavel Podaný (Author), Sylwia Rzepa (Author), Michal Brázda (Author), Aleksandra Kocijan (Author)

Abstract

The study reports the successful deposition of 15–5 precipitation-hardened (PH) martensitic steel on SAF 2507 duplex stainless steel (and vice versa) to form functionally graded materials (FGMs) using powder-based, directed-energy-deposition (DED) technology. The evolution of the microstructure and the mechanical properties of the 15–5 PH/SAF 2507 functionally graded material in the as-built state were investigated systematically. The results proved that the microstructural transition zone (MTZ) is formed above the fusion line due to the dilution effect of both steels. The phase composition of the MTZ consists of ferrite and, in comparison to the base materials, an increased amount of austenite. The interface has the lowest hardness owing to the formation of a significant proportion of the austenitic phase. However, the tensile mechanical properties were not affected by the interface as failure occurred in both SAF 2507 and at the interface regions. The research presents a promising application of FGMs in a horizontal configuration to form a high - quality, metallurgical joint between heterogeneous materials. This study introduces a novel approach by additive manufacturing (AM) of heterogeneous multi-materials, merging the favorable properties of duplex SAF 2507 and martensitic 15-5 PH stainless steels through superior metallurgical bonding. The combination of SAF 2507 and 15-5 PH in a functionally graded material has not been previously explored, as the existing studies deal with the duplex stainless steels SAF 2507 and either martensitic stainless-steel 15-5 PH deposited separately by laser powder-bed-fusion (L-PBF) or DED methods. This research pioneers the investigation of these materials in tandem, paving the way for the development of novel FGMs with optimized properties for specific applications. The resulting FGM exhibits exceptional corrosion resistance and high strength, making it highly versatile for applications in diverse industries such as offshore oil and gas production, aerospace, aviation, and chemical processing equipment.

Keywords

directed energy deposition;functionally graded materials;miniaturized specimen testing methods;SAF 2507;15-5 PH;

Data

Language: English
Year of publishing:
Typology: 1.01 - Original Scientific Article
Organization: IMT - Institute of Metals and Technology
Publisher: Elsevier
UDC: 620.1/.2
COBISS: 161196291 Link will open in a new window
ISSN: 2212-4616
Views: 47
Downloads: 17
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Other data

Embargo end date (OpenAIRE): 2025-07-27
Source comment: Nasl. z nasl. zaslona; Opis vira z dne 11. 8. 2023;
Pages: str. 330-339
Issue: ǂVol. ǂ102
Chronology: Jul. 2023
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmapro.2023.07.057
ID: 23376210