magistrsko delo
Sandra Vavpotič (Author), Lea Šugman Bohinc (Mentor)

Abstract

V magistrski nalogi raziskujem (samo)pomoč posameznikov pri obsesivno-kompulzivni motnji (OKM). V teoretičnem delu predstavim, kaj je OKM, njeno etiologijo in OKM kot anksiozno motnjo. Pozornost namenim vprašanju, ali je OKM bolezen in predstavim družbeno konstrukcijo duševnih motenj in s tem tudi OKM. Nadalje opredelim modele motnje, ki so medicinski, psihosocialni in biopsihosocialni. Osredotočim se na vpliv OKM na vsakdanjik oseb z diagnozo te težave in kako se na to odziva okolica teh oseb. Predstavim različne poskuse obvladovanja motnje in dejavnike, ki tesnobo še poslabšajo. Nazadnje se posvetim še zdravljenju in pomoči pri OKM in se pri tem navežem na še ne prepoznano in uporabljeno, a potencialno dragoceno vlogo socialnega dela. V empiričnem delu predstavim kvalitativno raziskavo, v kateri je sodelovalo 10 oseb z diagnozo OKM. Raziskavo posvetim temam, kot so (samo)pomoč pri motnji, odziv okolice in sodelovanje socialnih delavk v povezavi z OKM. Rezultati raziskave pokažejo, da sogovornice prejemajo predvsem pomoč psihologov, psihoterapevtov in psihiatrov. Najbolj nezadovoljne so s strokovno pomočjo psihiatrov, saj jim samo pripisujejo zdravila, ki jih večina niti ne uporablja več. Poleg strokovne pomoči veliko berejo o motnji in se o svojih težavah pogovarjajo s terapevti in svojimi bližnjimi. Razvile so različne načine spoprijemanja z OKM – izogibanje, preverjanje, iskanje potrditev, ignoriranje, planiranje, izvajanje ritualov, štetje, ponavljanje stvari itn. Izrazile so veliko zamisli glede pomoči, ki bi si jo še želele – pogostejše obiskovanje psihoterapevtov, psihologov, skupinske terapevtske delavnice, druge oblike pomoči (joga, meditacija idr.). Želijo si, da bi bila pomoč bolj dostopna in brezplačna. Pri spoprijemanju jim pomagajo tudi družinski člani, sorodniki in prijatelji. Rezultati kažejo, da so družinski člani in prijatelji novico o OKM večinoma sprejeli pozitivno, le dve izkušnji kažeta na negativen odziv. Bližnji pomagajo s pogovori, nasveti, pomočjo pri opravilih, ki jih sogovornice same težko izvajajo. Na koncu se v magistrskem delu posvetim še raziskovanju sodelovanja sogovornic s socialnimi delavkami. Rezultati so pokazali, da niti ena od sogovornic v povezavi z OKM še ni sodelovala s socialno delavko, vendar kljub temu navedejo precej možnosti, kjer vidijo možen prispevek socialnega dela – npr. nudenje pomoči sogovornicam in njihovim družinskim članom, vodenje izobraževanj o motnji, pomoč pri urejanju življenja. Ker je OKM v današnjem času zelo prisotna – ocenjujejo namreč, da se z njo spoprijema med 2,5 % in 3,5 % odraslih, kar pomeni, da ima v Sloveniji to motnjo več kot petdeset tisoč ljudi –, bo potrebno še veliko narediti za namene njene prepoznavnosti in izboljšati obstoječe oblike pomoči za ljudi s to težavo.

Keywords

obsesivno kompulzivna motnja;socialno delo;obsesije;kompulzije;tesnoba;oblike pomoči;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization: UL FSD - Faculty of Social Work
Publisher: [S. Turk]
UDC: 364.62:616.891.7
COBISS: 209207555 Link will open in a new window
Views: 224
Downloads: 89
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: (Self)help in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Secondary abstract: In my master's thesis, I examine (self-)help for people with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). In the theoretical part, I present what OCD is, its aetiology and OCD as an anxiety disorder. I focus on the question of whether OCD is an illness and present the social construction of mental disorders, including OCD. I also define the medical, psychosocial and biopsychosocial models of this disorder. I focus on the impact of OCD on the daily lives of people diagnosed with this disorder and how those around them respond to it. I present the various attempts to cope with the disorder and the factors that exacerbate anxiety. Finally, I focus on the treatment and support of OCD, referring to the still unrecognised and untapped but potentially valuable role of social work. In the empirical section, I present a qualitative study of 10 individuals diagnosed with OCD. I focus on issues such as (self-)help with the disorder, community response, and social worker involvement in the context of OCD. The results of the survey show that respondents mainly receive help from psychologists, psychotherapists and psychiatrists. They are most dissatisfied with professional help from psychiatrists, as they only prescribe medication, which most of them no longer take. In addition to professional help, they read a lot about the illness and talk to therapists and relatives about their problems. They have developed various ways of dealing with OCD: Avoidance, checking, seeking reassurance, ignoring, planning, rituals, counting, repeating, etc. They have expressed many ideas about what help they would like to receive - more frequent visits to psychotherapists, psychologists, group therapy workshops, other forms of help (yoga, meditation, etc.). They would like help to be more accessible and free of charge. Family members, relatives and friends also help them to cope. The results show that family members and friends mostly responded positively to the news about OCD, with only two cases of a negative reaction. Relatives help by having conversations, giving advice and helping with tasks that the respondents find difficult to cope with on their own. Finally, in my master's thesis, I examine the interactions of my interviewees with social workers. The results show that none of the respondents have ever worked with a social worker in relation to OCD, but they still mention a number of ways in which they see social work as a possible contributor - e.g. providing support to respondents and their family members, providing education about the disorder, helping with life management. The results show that the respondents have never worked with a social worker in relation to OCD. Given the high prevalence of OCD - estimated to affect between 2.5% and 3.5% of adults, meaning that more than 50,000 people in Slovenia suffer from this disorder - much more needs to be done to raise awareness of the disorder and improve existing forms of support for sufferers.
Secondary keywords: obsessive–compulsive personality disorder;social work;obsessions;compulsions;anxiety;help;
Type (COBISS): Master's thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE): 1970-01-01
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za socialno delo
Pages: 121 str.
ID: 23502061