diplomsko delo
Klara Urankar (Author), Urška Lavrenčič Štangar (Mentor)

Abstract

Onesnaženost vode je globalni problem, ki vpliva na ekosisteme, gospodarstvo in zdravje ljudi. Med najpogostejša onesnaževala vključujemo mikroplastiko, obstojne organske spojine, težke kovine in organske spojine, ki v vodne sisteme vstopajo preko gospodinjskih in industrijskih odpadnih voda. Te spojine se težko razgradijo v okolju same od sebe. Ena od metod za njihovo razgradnjo je heterogena fotokataliza, ki z uporabo obsevanja in ustreznih katalizatorjev (po navadi kovinskih oksidov) pretvori težko razgradljive spojine v manjše in manj škodljive spojine. Titanov(IV) oksid (TiO₂) je zaradi svojih dobrih fotokatalitskih lastnosti pogosto uporabljen katalizator. Njegove modifikacije, kot je dopiranje z različnimi kovinskimi ioni, lahko izboljšajo njegovo učinkovitost. Namen diplomskega dela je bil sintetizirati modificirane TiO₂ z različnimi dodatki niobija (Nb) z uporabo sol-gel metode ter jih nato okarakterizirati. Za karakterizacijo je bila uporabljena analiza z dušikovo fizisorpcijo, rentgenska praškovna difrakcija, UV-Vis difuzna refleksijska spektroskopija, infrardeča spektroskopija s Fourierjevo transformacijo ter vrstična elektronska mikroskopija. Za določitev katalitske aktivnosti je bila izvedena reakcija razgradnje trdovratnega vodnega onesnaževala fenitoina z uporabo UV-A svetlobe. Kot najbolj aktivna katalizatorja sta se izkazala Ti₀.₉₀Nb₀.₁₀O₂ in Ti₀.₈₅Nb₀.₁₅O₂, ki sta razgradila 42 % fenitoina v raztopini.

Keywords

fotokatalitska razgradnja;titanov dioksid;niobijev dopant;sol-gel sinteza;fenitoin;diplomska dela;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
Publisher: [K. Urankar]
UDC: 544.526.5:546.82-31:546.882(043.2)
COBISS: 208203523 Link will open in a new window
Views: 100
Downloads: 1057
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Synthesis and characterisation of niobium-added photocatalysts
Secondary abstract: Water pollution is a global problem that affects ecosystems, the economy and human health. The most common pollutants include microplastics, persistent organic compounds, heavy metals and organic compounds that enter water systems through domestic and industrial wastewater. These compounds are difficult to degrade in the environment on their own. One of the methods for their degradation is heterogeneous photocatalysis, in which irradiation and suitable catalysts (usually metal oxides) are used to convert poorly degradable compounds into smaller and less harmful compounds. Titanium(IV) oxide (TiO₂) is a commonly used catalyst due to its good photocatalytic properties. Its modifications, such as doping with different metal ions, can enhance its efficiency. The purpose of this work was to synthesize TiO₂ modified with various niobium (Nb) dopants using the sol-gel method and then to characterize them. The characterization involved nitrogen physisorption analysis, X-ray powder diffraction, UV-Vis diffuse reflection spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. To determine the catalytic activity, the degradation reaction of the water pollutant phenytoin was carried out using UV-A light. Ti₀.₉₀Nb₀.₁₀O₂ and Ti₀.₈₅Nb₀.₁₅O₂ emerged as the most active catalysts, degrading 42 % of phenytoin in solution.
Secondary keywords: heterogeneous catalysis;photocatalytic degradation;titanium(IV) oxide;Nb dopant;phenytoin;Fotokataliza;Heterogena kataliza;Univerzitetna in visokošolska dela;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 1000373
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE): 1970-01-01
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Fak. za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo, UNI Kemija
Pages: 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (30 str.))
ID: 24985065