magistrsko delo
Monika Uremović (Author), Anita Kovač Kralj (Mentor), Tina Kegl (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Fosilna goriva so neobnovljivi energetski viri (premog, nafta, zemeljski plin in njihovi derivati), ki so nastali iz starodavnih rastlin in živali. Ta goriva so ključna za današnjo energetsko porabo, saj zagotavljajo okoli 80 % svetovne energije. Kljub njihovemu prispevku k industrializaciji in razvoju imajo negativen vpliv na okolje in podnebje, saj sproščajo ogljik v atmosfero. Fosilna goriva so omejen vir, ki se ne more hitro obnavljati, zato postaja prehod na obnovljive vire, kot sta sončna in električna energija, vse bolj nujen. Naraščajoče svetovno prebivalstvo povzroča hitro večanje števila trdnih komunalnih odpadkov in s tem povezanih problemov ‒ onesnaževanje okolja, naraščajoči stroški in kopičenje odlagališč z odpadki. V ta namen bi v okviru krožnega gospodarstva razvili alternativne načine obdelave, s katerimi bi zmanjšali količino odpadkov in jih pretvorili v različne vrste energij. Namen magistrskega dela je izvesti različne simulacije proizvodnje sintetičnega bencina iz trdnih komunalnih odpadkov, od sortiranih, delno sortiranih do nesortiranih, s pomočjo programa Aspen Plus pri različnih pogojih obratovanja (tlak in temperatura). Najprej smo izvedli simulacije proizvodnje sintetičnega bencina pri sortiranih trdnih komunalnih odpadkih, kjer smo nadalje opazovali vpliv na proizvodnjo s spreminjanjem temperature oziroma tlaka. Nato smo izvedli še simulacijo proizvodnje sintetičnega bencina iz sortiranih trdnih komunalnih odpadkov z uporabo ogljikovega dioksida, predhodno pridobljenega iz dimnih plinov s separacijo na koloni PSA. Na koncu smo izvedli še simulacije proizvodnje sintetičnega bencina iz delno in še nesortiranih trdnih komunalnih odpadkov. Ugotovitve so pokazala, da so bili najboljši rezultati pri simulaciji proizvodnje sintetičnega bencina iz sortiranih trdnih komunalnih odpadkov z uporabo ogljikovega dioksida iz dimnih plinov, ki je bil predhodno pridobljen s separacijo na koloni PSA. Prav tako so rezultati pokazali, da se proizvodnja zmanjšuje s povečanjem temperature pri istem tlaku in obratno povečuje s povečanjem tlaka pri isti temperaturi.

Keywords

sintetičen bencin;sintezni plin;trdni komunalni odpadki;dimni plini;krožno gospodarstvo;simulacija;magistrske naloge;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization: UM FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Publisher: [M. Uremović]
UDC: 665.733(043.2)
COBISS: 223574787 Link will open in a new window
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Downloads: 21
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Production of synthetic gasoline from solid municipal waste
Secondary abstract: Fossil fuels are non-renewable energy sources such as coal, oil, and natural gas, formed from ancient plants and animals. These fuels currently provide about 80% of global energy consumption. While they have been crucial for industrialization and global development, their combustion releases carbon into the atmosphere, contributing to climate change. Fossil fuels are limited, and their slow formation makes them unsustainable in the long term. As a result, renewable alternatives like solar and electric energy are increasingly necessary to meet growing global energy demands. The growing global population is causing a rapid increase in municipal solid waste and related problems such as environmental pollution, rising costs, and the accumulation of landfill waste. To address this, alternative treatment methods would be developed within the framework of a circular economy, aimed at reducing the amount of waste and converting it into various types of energy. The purpose of the master's thesis was to conduct various simulations of synthetic gasoline production from municipal solid waste, ranging from sorted, partially sorted, to unsorted waste, using the Aspen Plus software under different operating conditions (pressure and temperature). First, we conducted simulations of synthetic gasoline production using sorted municipal solid waste, where we further observed the impact on production by varying the temperature or pressure. Next, we simulated the production of synthetic gasoline from sorted municipal solid waste using carbon dioxide previously obtained from flue gases through separation in a PSA column. Finally, we conducted simulations of synthetic gasoline production from partially and unsorted municipal solid waste. The simulation results showed that the best outcomes were obtained in the simulation of synthetic gasoline production from sorted municipal solid waste using carbon dioxide from flue gases, which was previously obtained through separation in a PSA column. The results also indicated that production decreases with increasing temperature at the same pressure and, conversely, increases with rising pressure at the same temperature.
Secondary keywords: synthetic gasoline;synthesis gas;municipal solid waste;flue gases;circular economy;simulation;Aspen Plus;
Type (COBISS): Master's thesis/paper
Thesis comment: Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo
Pages: 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (XII, 48 str.))
ID: 25057915