Etična in pravna spornost pri uporabi tehnik zaslišanja osumljencev - primerjalni pogled

diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študijskega programa Varstvoslovje

Tara Pahor (Author), Benjamin Flander (Mentor)

Abstract

Diplomska naloga se osredotoča na nadvse pomemben del kazenske preiskave, zaslišanje osumljenca. S pomočjo le-tega se izbira informacije od osumljencev, ki so lahko koristne pri preiskovanju kaznivih dejanj. Etika zasliševanja je dolgo veljala za sivo območje kazenskega pravosodja, vendar z naraščanjem kritičnosti javnosti do pridobitve lažnih priznanj tega sivega območja ni več mogoče prezreti. Pri zaslišanju se uporablja več tehnik, pri tem pa so najbolj aktualne prisilne oz. manipulativne zasliševalske tehnike, kot je na primer Reidova, ki se uporablja v ZDA. Naprednejši način komunikacije z osumljencem predstavlja metoda kognitivnega intervjuja. Iz literature je mogoče razbrati, da so bile v preteklosti prisilne zasliševalske tehnike standard za zbiranje podatkov o kaznivih dejanjih. Z njihovo pomočjo so preiskovalci pridobili priznanje osumljenca in posledično razrešili primer. S takim razumevanjem prava in opravičevanjem tehnik in načinov zasliševanja, pri katerih je bil važen samo končni rezultat – pridobitev priznanja, so bile zaslišanim posameznikom pogosto kršene temeljne pravice. Ta način zaslišanja osumljencev naj bi s spremembami pravne ureditve in prizadevanjem za varovanje človekovih pravic v nekaterih demokratičnih državah postopoma poskušali izkoreniniti. Pobudo za izboljšave pa gre pripisati bodisi mnogim mednarodnim konvencijam, ki ustanavljajo razne odbore kot nadzorne mehanizme izvajanja državljanskih in političnih pravic, bodisi delovanju medijev, s pomočjo katerih se v javnosti sproža ogorčenje nad nepravilnim ravnanjem.

Keywords

tehnike zaslišanja;osumljenci;pravna spornost;etična spornost;diplomske naloge;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2024
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM FVV - Faculty of Criminal Justice
Publisher:	[T. Pahor]
UDC:	347.939(043.2)
COBISS:	209217283
Views:	0
Downloads:	10
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
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Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Ethical and legal controversy in using different suspect interrogation techniques - a comparative view
Secondary abstract:	The thesis focuses on an extremely important part of the criminal investigation process, forensic interrogation. With it, we collect information about the suspects and the crime in question. The ethics of interrogation has long been considered a gray area in criminal justice and with growing public skepticism about obtaining false confessions, it can no longer be overlooked. Several techniques are used during interrogation the most current ones are coercive or manipulative interrogation techniques, such as Reid's, which is used in the USA, and the cognitive interview method, which represents a more advanced way of communicating with the suspect. Literature shows that in the past coercive interrogation techniques were the standard for gathering information about crimes. With their help, a confession was obtained by investigators from the suspect which later contributed to solving the case. The justification of these interrogation techniques and methods, where only the end result of obtaining a confession was important, the fundamental rights of the individuals being interrogated were often violated. A gradual eradication through changes in the legal system and efforts to secure human rights is desired. The impetus for improvement, however, can be attributed either to the many international conventions that set up various committees as control mechanisms for the exercise of civil and political rights, or to the actions of the media, which provoke outrage in the public at the misconduct.
Secondary keywords:	Kazenske preiskave;Univerzitetna in visokošolska dela;
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za varnostne vede, Ljubljana
Pages:	IV f., [46] str.
ID:	25151712