Zgodovinski razvoj zaporov v Združenih državah Amerike

diplomsko delo visokošolskega študijskega programa Informacijska varnost

Kaja Letnar (Author), Rok Hacin (Mentor)

Abstract

V zaključnem delu je predstavljen zgodovinski razvoj zaporov v Združenih državah Amerike. V prvem delu diplomske naloge je opisan zgodovinski razvoj zaporov, v drugem delu pa je predstavljena sodobna organizacija in usmeritev v ameriškem zaporskem sistemu. Pregled literature temelji na analizi sekundarnih virov v obliki znanstvenih in strokovnih del. Na ameriški kontinent je zamisel o zaporih in prisilnih delavnicah prišla iz Anglije. Začetki zaporov so predstavljale »korekcijske hiše«, konec 18. stoletja pa je zapor postal eden izmed oblik kaznovanja zločincev. Čez slabo stoletje se je razširila ideja, da se čista retribucija zamenja z rehabilitacijo obsojencev, ki naj bi jo dosegli med izvrševanjem kazni odvzema prostosti. Skozi zgodovino so se na ameriškem kontinentu razvijali različni sistemi kaznovanja, in sicer pensilvanski, auburnski ter progresivni sistem, ki je mešanica celičnega in skupnega prestajanja kazni. Zaradi stališča javnosti so se pojavili zasebni zapori, cilj pa ni bila več rehabilitacija obsojencev, temveč kaznovanje (onesposobitev). Ugotovljeno je bilo, da se je zaporski sistem skozi zgodovino na ameriškem ozemlju zelo spreminjal. Imeli so različne kazni, oblike zapiranja in namene kaznovanja. Imajo bogato zgodovino, skozi katero se je oblikoval unikaten sistem, ki obstaja še danes in se sooča s številnimi težavami, ki obsegajo razširjenost nasilja, prezasedenost in visok delež povratnikov.

Keywords

zapori;razvoj;Združene države Amerike;diplomske naloge;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2024
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM FVV - Faculty of Criminal Justice
Publisher:	[K. Letnar]
UDC:	343.81(73)(043.2)
COBISS:	208974595
Views:	0
Downloads:	3
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
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Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Historical development of prisons in the United States of America
Secondary abstract:	The diploma thesis presents the historical development of prisons in the United States of America. The first part of the thesis describes the historical development of prisons, while the second part presents the modern organization and orientation of the American prison system. The literature review is based on the analysis of secondary sources in the form of scientific and professional works. The idea of prisons and forced workshops came to the American continent from England. The beginnings of prisons were in the form of "houses of correction", and at the end of the 18th century, prison became one of the forms for punishing criminal offenders. In less than a century, the idea of replacing pure retribution with the rehabilitation of prisoners, which should be achieved during imprisonment, has spread. Throughout history, various punishment systems have been developed on the American continent, namely the Pennsylvania, Auburn and progressive systems, which present a mixture of solitary confinement and communal punishment. Due to public opinion, private prisons appeared, and the goal was no longer rehabilitation of prisoners but punishment (incapacitation). It has been noted that the American prison system has changed significantly throughout history. Namely in the areas of punishments, forms of imprisonment and the purposes of punishment. American prisons have a rich history, through which a unique system was formed that still exists today and faces many problems, including widespread violence, overcrowding and a high rate of returnees.
Secondary keywords:	Ameriški zapori in zaporniki;Univerzitetna in visokošolska dela;
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za varnostne vede, Ljubljana
Pages:	V f., 31 str.
ID:	25151724