Rapalska pogodba in njeno diplomatsko ozadje

položaj Slovencev ob koncu prve svetovne vojne in vprašanje meja

Božo Repe (Author)

Abstract

Antantne sile so leta 1915 tretjino ozemlja, na katerem so na zahodu živeli Slovenci vnaprej dodelile Italiji, da bi ta vstopila v vojno ( t.i. londonski pakt). Carski Rusiji, podpisnici sporazuma za Slovence ni bilo mar, enako Veliki Britaniji, ki je nekaj več o Slovencih zvedela šele ob koncu vojne. Francozi so bili srbski zavezniki in so na jugoslovanstvo gledali po principu širjenja Srbije oz. stvaritve ene nacije po lastnem zgledu. ZDA so nekaj več o Slovencih prav tako izvedele šele ob koncu vojne. Čeprav je bil Wilson načeloma proti tajnim paktom in za nacionalno samoodločbo avstro-ogrskih narodov, je bila v praksi ameriška politika bistveno drugačna. Tudi ameriški predstavniki so na slovenski narod gledali enako kot druge velike sile. Šlo naj bi za »nezgodovinski« narod, ki se ni pripravljen boriti za nacionalne cilje in ki ima bistveno nižjo kulturo kot drugi večji narodi. Pariška mirovna konferenca leta 1919 ni rešila t.i. Jadranskega vprašanja, katerega del je bila tudi meja med Italijo in novo jugoslovansko državo. Z bilateralnim dogovorom v Rapallu novembra 1920 je Kraljevina Srbov, Hrvatov in Slovencev v celoti popustila italijanskim zahtevam. Po prvi svetovni vojni so bili Slovenci razdeljeni med štiri države, z možnostjo nacionalnega razvoja le v Jugoslaviji.

Keywords

nezgodovinski narod;antantne sile;londonski pakt;pariška mirovna konferenca;Kraljevina Srbov, Hrvatov in Slovencev;rapalska pogodba;projekt Rapalska meja: četrt stoletja obstoja in stoletje dediščine ter spomina;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2023
Typology:	1.01 - Original Scientific Article
Organization:	UL FF - Faculty of Arts
UDC:	94(497.4)"1918"
COBISS:	184814851
ISSN:	2630-3426
Views:	12
Downloads:	0
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary abstract:	As part of the efforts to involve Italy in the war, the The Antante forces ceded a third of the territory where Slovenes lived to Italy in advance in 1915 (Treaty of London). Imperial Russia, a signatory to the treaty, and Britain were indi3erent to the Slovenes, with Britain only learning more about them towards the end of the war. The French, who were allied with the Serbs, saw Yugoslavism as an expansion of Serbia and the creation of a single nation. The United States also only learned more about the Slovenes towards the end of the war. Although Wilson generally opposed secret pacts and supported the Austro-Hungarian nations’ right to self-determination, American policy was markedly di3erent in practice. The American representatives viewed the Slovenian nation similarly to other great powers and considered it an “unhistorical” nation that was not prepared to fight for national goals and whose culture was much lower than that of larger nations. The Paris Peace Conference of 1919 failed to resolve the so-called Adriatic question, which concerned also the border between Italy and the new Yugoslav state. With a bilateral agreement in Rapallo in November 1920 (Treaty of Rapallo),the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes submitted completely to the Italian demands. After the war, the Slovenes were divided into four states, with the possibility of national development only existing within Yugoslavia.
Secondary keywords:	unhistoric nation;entente powers;treaty of London;Paris peace conference;Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes;Treaty of Rapallo;project "The Rapallo frontier: a quarter century of existence and a century of heritage and memory;
Type (COBISS):	Article
Pages:	str. 11-41
Volume:	ǂLetn. ǂ6
Issue:	ǂšt. ǂ2/3
Chronology:	2023
ID:	25530023