diplomsko delo
Milkica Obrenović (Author), Tadeja Kodele (Mentor), Mojca Šeme (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Otroci, ki imajo izkušnjo nasilja v družini, prihajajo v sistem zaščite otrok, katerega del so tudi varne hiše, z izkušnjo travme. Varne hiše so pomemben del zaščite otrok in žensk pred nasiljem v družini. Pogosto so ti otroci pred prihodom v varno hišo osebno doživeli nasilje nad njimi samimi ali pa so pričevali nasilju v družini (nad sorojencem, materjo). Kadar so otroci pogosto dolgotrajno izpostavljeni kompleksnim obremenjujočim izkušnjam (ki so lahko sestavljene iz kompleksne kombinacije nasilja, pričevanja nasilju, zanemarjanja, težkih izgub itn.), lahko pri njih pride do kompleksne travmatiziranosti. Zato je pomembno, da se v socialnem delu zavedamo, da je otrok žrtev nasilja že ob pričanju nasilju v družini in ga je treba znotraj sistema ustrezno zavarovati pred škodljivimi posledicami travmatične izkušnje ter preprečiti ponovno travmatizacijo ali celo dodatno viktimizacijo v sistemu zaščite otroka. Kot odgovor na to problematiko se je v tujini oblikoval na razumevanju travme utemeljen pristop, ki se je izoblikoval z željo po organizacijah in ustanovah, ki bi delovale na način, ki kaže občutljivost na pojav travme. Ena izmed uporabnih metod pri delu s travmo, ko gre za otroke s tovrstnimi izkušnjami, je tudi uporaba igre in ustvarjalnih tehnik pri podpori in pomoči otroku. V teoretičnem delu diplomskega dela najprej predstavim zakonodajne vidike zaščite otroka in vlogo varnih hiš. Nato predstavim nasilje kot obremenjujočo izkušnjo iz otroštva, opredelim travmo, razvojno kompleksno travmo in prikažem posledice, ki jih izkušnja travme pusti na otroku. Temu sledi predstavitev na razumevanju travme utemeljenega pristopa in uporabe igre ter ustvarjalnih tehnik pri delu z otroki, ki so preživeli nasilje. Na koncu teoretičnega dela predstavim še ponovno oziroma dodatno travmatizacijo otroka v sistemu zaščite. V drugem delu diplomskega dela predstavim kvalitativno raziskavo, v kateri me je zanimalo, kakšno znanje imajo strokovne delavke, zaposlene v varnih hišah, o razvojni kompleksni travmi pri otrocih, ki so pričali nasilju v družini ali so mu bili osebno izpostavljeni ter na kakšen način jo prepoznavajo. Zanimalo me je tudi, ali strokovne delavke poznajo koncepte pristopa, utemeljenega na razumevanju travme, ali je po njihovem mnenju varna hiša organizacija, ki je utemeljena na razumevanju travme, ter kakšne metode uporabljajo v procesih podpore in pomoči. Na koncu sem raziskovala načine, na katere strokovne delavke zagotavljajo, da med bivanjem otroka v varni hiši ne pride do ponovne travmatizacije, povzročene v sistemu zaščite. Ena izmed ključnih ugotovitev diplomskega dela je, da so strokovne delavke v varnih hišah vsekakor ozaveščene o pojavu travme, vendar v slovenskih varnih hišah ni sistemske implementiranosti na razumevanju travme utemeljenega pristopa. Same bi za delo vseeno potrebovale več izobraževanj in usposabljanj na to tematiko. Pri delu z otroki, ki so doživeli travmatično izkušnjo, uporabljajo različne metode podpore in pomoči v sklopu številnih dejavnosti. Veliko uporabljajo tudi igro in ustvarjalne metode. Vendar v večini strokovne delavke niso zadovoljne z zaščito otroka z zakonodajo ter v praksi ter si želijo določenih sprememb. A se kljub temu znotraj varnih hiš vsekakor trudijo preprečiti, da bi prišlo do ponovne travmatizacije otroka v procesu.

Keywords

varne hiše;otroci;nasilje v družini;razvojna kompleksna travma;na razumevanju travme utemeljen pristop;metode podpore in pomoči;ponovna travmatizacija;socialno delo;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL FSD - Faculty of Social Work
Publisher: [M. Obrenović]
UDC: 364.4:159.94-053.2/.6
COBISS: 247400195 Link will open in a new window
Views: 300
Downloads: 103
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Professional workers in domestic violence shelters on the process of support and assistance to a child with the experience of trauma related to the experience of domestic violence
Secondary abstract: Children who experience domestic violence enter the child protection system, which also includes safe houses, with the experience of trauma. Developmental complex trauma occurs in children, which develops as a result of repeated and long-term exposure to violence in the family during childhood, and at the same time causes negative consequences at various levels of the child's functioning. Therefore, it is important to realise that a child is a victim of violence even when witnessing violence within the family, and it is necessary to adequately protect them within the system from the harmful consequences of the traumatic experience and to prevent re-traumatisation. In response to this issue, a trauma-informed care approach was developed, shaped by the desire for organisations and institutions that would operate in a way that shows sensitivity to the phenomenon of trauma. One of the useful methods for working with trauma is the use of play and creative techniques to support and help the child who has experienced domestic violence. In the theoretical part of the thesis, I first present the legislative aspects of child protection and the role of safe houses. Then, I introduce violence as an adverse childhood experience (ACE), define trauma, developmental complex trauma, and demonstrate the consequences that trauma has. This is followed by a presentation of trauma-informed care and the use of play and creative techniques in working with children. At the end of the theoretical part, I discuss re-traumatisation of the child within the child protection system. In the second part of the thesis, I present qualitative research in which I explored what knowledge professional workers employed in safe houses have about developmental complex trauma in children who have witnessed or been exposed to violence in the family and how they recognise it. I also examined whether professional workers are familiar with the concepts of trauma-informed care, whether, in their opinion, the safe house is an organisation based on an understanding of trauma, and what methods they use in support and assistance processes. Finally, I explored the ways in which professional workers ensure that, during the child's stay in the safe house, re-traumatisation caused by the protection system does not occur. One of the key findings of the thesis is that professional workers in safe houses are definitely aware of the occurrence of trauma, but in Slovenian safe houses, there is no systematic implementation of trauma-informed care. They would still require more education and training on this topic in order to work effectively. When working with children who have experienced traumatic events, they use various methods of support and assistance as part of many activities, and they also make extensive use of play and creative methods. However, the majority of professional workers are not satisfied with the protection of children through legislation and in practice, and they would like certain changes. Nevertheless, within the safe houses, they definitely strive to prevent the child from being re-traumatised in the process.
Secondary keywords: safe houses;children;domestic violence;developmental complex trauma;trauma-informed care;methods of support and help;re-traumatisation;social work;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE): 1970-01-01
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za socialno delo
Pages: 149 str.
ID: 26160561