diplomsko delo
Urška Sovinšek (Author), Katarina Galof (Reviewer), Špela Mihevc (Mentor)

Abstract

Uvod: Staranje je naraven proces, ki vpliva na telesne in duševne sposobnosti posameznika ter povečuje tveganja za bolezni, kot je demenca. Demenca je sindrom, ki povzroča postopno slabšanje spomina, mišljenja in zmožnosti opravljanja vsakodnevnih aktivnosti. Pomembno vlogo pri obravnavi demence ima tudi delovna terapija, ki zajema vključevanje v smiselne okupacije, prilagajanje okolja, uporabo pripomočkov ter izobraževanje svojcev z namenom izboljšanja kakovosti življenja tako oseb z demenco kot tudi svojcev. Zakon o dolgotrajni oskrbi je bil sprejet leta 2023, implementacija dela zakona glede pravice do storitev katere bo lahko izvajal tudi delovni terapevt, pa bo začela veljati julija 2025. Ta bo posameznikom s težavami omogočal, da ostanejo v domačem okolju, medtem ko bodo prejemali strokovno pomoč pri vsakodnevnih opravilih. S tem bodo prispevali k večji samostojnosti in boljšemu vsakodnevnemu življenju. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je izvesti proces delovne terapije pri osebi z demenco in ugotoviti učinkovitost uporabljenih delovnoterapevtskih pristopov v obravnavi. Metode dela: Izvedena je bila študija primera 90-letne uporabnice z demenco. Delovnoterapevtske obravnave so potekale dvakrat na teden, med petinštirideset in šestdeset minut na dan. Za lažji vpogled v napredek so bila uporabljena ocenjevanja: Kanadski test izvedbe okupacije, Analiza aktivnosti po spretnostih, Funkcijska lestvica neodvisnosti ter Kratek preizkus spoznavnih sposobnosti. Rezultati: Rezultati ponovnega ocenjevanja so pokazali, da kljub redni izvedbi delovnoterapevtskih obravnav in osredotočenosti na zastavljene cilje ni prišlo do izboljšav. Uporabnica še vedno potrebuje pomoč pri določenih aktivnostih, kot so transfer in oblačenje. Opažene pa so bile tudi pozitivne spremembe v njenem funkcioniranju, kot so izboljšana pozornost med nalogami ter večja samostojnost pri nekaterih rutinskih aktivnostih. Razprava in zaključek: Obravnava, prikazana po procesnem modelu ameriškega združenja delovnih terapevtov, v naši študiji potrjuje pomen delovne terapije pri osebah z demenco v domačem okolju. Kljub možnemu napredovanju bolezni in simptomom demence, se je pokazalo, da lahko ciljno usmerjene aktivnosti pripomorejo k ohranjanju še obstoječih funkcionalnih sposobnosti. Tudi cilji, ki so bili postavljeni pred pričetkom obravnav so bili doseženi. Ključni pristopi v naši obravnavi pa so bili individualiziran pristop, prilagoditev aktivnosti ter vključevanje svojcev.

Keywords

diplomska dela;delovna terapija;študija primera;starejše osebe;svojci;delovni terapevti;delovna terapija v skupnosti;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL ZF - University College of Health Studies
Publisher: [U. Sovinšek]
UDC: 615.851
COBISS: 234967555 Link will open in a new window
Views: 28
Downloads: 7
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: ǂThe ǂrole of occupational therapy in promoting the independence of the person with dementia in the home environment
Secondary abstract: Introduction: Ageing is a natural process that affects a person's physical and mental abilities and increases the risk of diseases such as dementia. Dementia is a syndrome that leads to a progressive deterioration of memory, thinking and the ability to perform everyday activities. Occupational therapy plays an important role in the treatment of dementia. It includes meaningful occupations, environmental adaptations, the use of assistive devices and training of family members to improve the quality of life of both the person with dementia and their family. The Long-Term Care Act was adopted in 2023 and the implementation of the part of the Act relating to the right to services that can be provided by an occupational therapist will come into force in July 2025. This will allow people with problems to remain in their home environment while receiving professional help with everyday tasks. Purpose: The aim of the thesis is to carry out the occupational therapy process on a person with dementia and to determine the effectiveness of the occupational therapy approaches used in the treatment. Methods: The research was conducted using a case study with a 90-year-old female user with dementia. The occupational therapy sessions took place twice a week and lasted between forty-five and sixty minutes per day. To gain insight into progress, the following assessments were used: the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure, the Activity Analysis by Skills, the Functional Independence Scale, the Mini Mental State Examination and the Clock Drawing Test. Results: The results of the reassessment showed that despite regular occupational therapy sessions and a focus on the goals set, there was no improvement. The user still requires help with certain activities, such as changing and dressing. However, there were also positive changes in her functioning, such as improved attention during tasks and greater independence in some routine activities. Discussion and Conclusion: The treatment presented in our study, based on the American Occupational Therapists Association process model, confirms the importance of occupational therapy for people with dementia in the home setting. Despite the possible progression of the disease and dementia symptoms, it was shown that targeted activities can help to maintain the remaining functional abilities. The goals set before treatment were also achieved. The main approaches in our treatment were an individualised approach, adaptation of activities and involvement of relatives.
Secondary keywords: diploma theses;occupational therapy;case study;older people;relatives;occupational therapists;community occupational therapy;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za delovno terapijo
Pages: 42 str., [18] str. pril.
ID: 26352379