Funkcionalizacija tanina kot trajnostnega antioksidanta v recikliranem kompozitu polipropilena

diplomsko delo

Laura Šantl (Author), Janja Stergar (Mentor), Klementina Pušnik (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Potrebe po polimernih materialih, osnovanih iz termoplastov bodisi termosetov, ki jih opredeljujemo kot plastične materiale, naraščajo zaradi njihove vsestranske uporabe. Kljub nenehni rasti proizvodnje se letno reciklira le približno 10 % plastike, 8 % se sežge, preostanek pa konča na odlagališčih, v oceanih in posledično tudi v živih organizmih. To ne povzroča le izčrpavanja neobnovljivih virov energije, temveč tudi vpliva na emisije toplogrednih plinov. Ključna prioriteta EU za doseganje ogljične nevtralnosti do leta 2050 predstavljajo učinkovite strategije za trajnostni razvoj in zmanjšanje CO₂, ki temeljijo na ponovni uporabi recikliranih materialov. Predlagana raziskava obravnava razvoj trajnostnih in reciklirnih kompozitov, katerih glavni izziv je ustvarjanje visoko zmogljivih reciklirnih termoplastičnih kompozitov, ojačanih s polifenoli, kjer naravna polnila nadomeščajo tradicionalna kemična z biološko osnovanimi alternativami. V sklopu diplomske naloge smo s procesom ekstruzije vroče taline pripravili termoplastični kompozit na osnovi recikliranega polipropilena (PP-r), ojačan z naravnim polnilom taninom (T.P), funkcionaliziranim s citronsko kislino (CA). Preučevali smo vpliv funkcionalizacije T.P na vezavo med polimerno matrico in polnilom ter na fizikalno-kemijske, termične in antioksidativne lastnosti PP-r. Funkcionalizirane delce T.P smo ovrednotili z infrardečo spektroskopijo z oslabljenim popolnim odbojem (ATR-FTIR), termogravimetrično analizo (TGA), dinamičnim sipanjem svetlobe (DLS) in 2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH) metodo, termoplastične kompozite pa z ATR-FTIR spektroskopijo, TGA, diferenčno dinamično kalorimetrijo (DSC) in DPPH metodo. Ugotovili smo, da vzorci z nižjim dodatkom CA izkazujejo najugodnejše ravnovesje lastnosti ter izboljšano kompatibilnost s polimerno matrico. Rezultati potrjujejo potencial funkcionaliziranih naravnih dodatkov pri izboljšavi lastnosti recikliranih polimernih kompozitov, kar predstavlja pomemben korak v smeri razvoja trajnostnih materialov.

Keywords

tanin;citronska kislina;reciklirani polimeri;funkcionalizacija;antioksidativnost;termičnoplastični kompoziti;trajnostni materiali;diplomske naloge;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2025
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Publisher:	[L. Šantl]
UDC:	628.477.6:678.742.3.073(043.2)
COBISS:	250511619
Views:	0
Downloads:	8
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
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Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Functionalisation of tannin as a sustainable antioxidant in recycled polypropylene composite
Secondary abstract:	The demand for polymer materials based on thermoplastics or thermosets, which we define as plastic materials, is growing due to their versatility. Despite continuous growth in production, only about 10% of plastic is recycled annually, 8% is incinerated, and the rest ends up in landfills, oceans, and consequently in living organisms. This not only causes the depletion of non-renewable energy sources, but also affects greenhouse gas emissions. Effective strategies for sustainable development and CO₂ reduction based on the reuse of recycled materials are a key priority for the EU to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050. The proposed research addresses the development of sustainable and recyclable composites, the main challenge of which is to create high-performance recyclable thermoplastic composites reinforced with polyphenols, where natural fillers replace traditional chemical ones with bio-based alternatives. As part of our thesis, we used a hot melt extrusion process to prepare a thermoplastic composite based on recycled polypropylene (PP-r), reinforced with natural tannin filler (T.P) and functionalized with citric acid (CA). We studied the effect of T.P functionalization on the bond between the polymer matrix and the filler, as well as on the physical-chemical, thermal, and antioxidant properties of PP-r. We evaluated the functionalized T.P particles using attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, while the thermoplastic composites were evaluated using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, TGA, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and the DPPH method. We found that samples with lower CA addition exhibit the most favorable balance of properties and improved compatibility with the polymer matrix. The results confirm the potential of functionalized natural additives in improving the properties of recycled polymer composites, which represents an important step towards the development of sustainable materials.
Secondary keywords:	tannin;citric acid;recycled polymers;functionalisation;antioxidant properties;thermoplastic composites;sustainable materials;bachelor's degrees;
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo, Kemija
Pages:	1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (XII, 57 str.))
ID:	27123253