Stavbna pravica v slovenskem pravu

magistrsko delo

Dominik Došler (Author), Renato Vrenčur (Mentor)

Abstract

Magistrska naloga podrobneje obravnava institut stavbne pravice kot eno izmed stvarnih pravic v slovenskem pravnem redu, s poudarkom na njeni vsebini, pravnih učinkih in spremembah, ki jih je prinesla novela Stvarnopravnega zakonika (SPZ-B) iz leta 2020. V osnovi gre za specifično pravico, ki imetniku omogoča gradnjo in lastništvo objekta na, nad ali pod tujo nepremičnino, ne da bi ta imel lastninsko pravico na samem zemljišču, omenjeno pa omogoča učinkovitejše gospodarsko izkoriščanje prostora, še posebej nepremičnin s statusom javnega dobra. V nalogi je podrobno prikazan razvoj stavbne pravice, njene značilnosti, njena pravna narava, prenosljivost, možnosti obremenitev ter njeno prenehanje. Avtor se posebej posveča primerjavi ureditve stavbne pravice pred in po sprejetju zadnje novele Stvarnopravnega zakonika, novele SPZ-B, pri čemer je poudarek na spremembi trajanja stavbne pravice, ki se po novem lahko ustanovi tudi za nedoločen čas. Ta sprememba pomeni pomemben premik v praksi, zlasti za zasebne investitorje pri izkoriščanju javnega dobra, saj zagotavlja večjo pravno varnost in stabilnost. Kritična presoja nove ureditve pokaže, da časovno neomejena stavbna pravica sicer odpira pomembne (nove) možnosti, a hkrati poraja nova vprašanja, predvsem glede njenega prenehanja in varstva hipotekarnih upnikov. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da lahko ti v določenih primerih ostanejo brez učinkovitega zavarovanja, kar pomeni, da institut ne ponuja popolne zaščite upnikov v primeru predčasnega prenehanja stavbne pravice. Nadalje naloga izpostavi preoblikovanje stavbne pravice v etažno lastnino, kjer je zakonodaja mestoma nejasna oz. terminološko nedosledna. Poseben poudarek je dan tudi nadomestilu, ki pripada imetniku stavbne pravice ob njenem prenehanju. Novela SPZ-B je to področje spremenila v smislu, da je odpravila kogentnost določbe in omogočila strankam prosto dogovarjanje o nadomestilu in njegovi višini. Magistrska naloga potrjuje, da je novela SPZ-B institut stavbne pravice približala potrebam sodobne prakse in ga naredila prijaznejšega ter uporabnejšega, vendar pa hkrati ugotavlja, da ostajajo odprta vprašanja, ki terjajo dodatne zakonodajne rešitve in dopolnitve.

Keywords

stvarno pravo;stavbna pravica;novela SPZ-B;etažna lastnina;nastanek;razpolaganje in prenehanje stavbne pravice;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2025
Typology:	2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:	UM PF - Faculty of Law
Publisher:	[D. Došler]
UDC:	347.2(043.3)
COBISS:	248108803
Views:	0
Downloads:	3
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
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Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Building right in slovenian law
Secondary abstract:	This master's thesis provides an in-depth examination of the legal concept of the building right (stavbna pravica) as one of the property rights regulated by Slovenian law, with particular emphasis on its legal content, effects, and the changes introduced by the 2020 amendment to the Law of Property Code (SPZ-B). Essentially, this is a specific right that allows its holder to construct and own a building on, above, or beneath someone else's land without holding ownership of the land itself, thereby enabling more efficient economic use of space. The thesis thoroughly presents the historical development of the building right, its legal characteristics, nature, transferability, possibilities for encumbrance, and its termination. Special attention is given to the comparison of the legal regulation of the building right before and after the adoption of the latest amendment SPZ-B, with a focus on the change regarding its duration—now, a building right may also be established for an indefinite period. This represents a significant shift in practice, particularly for private investors exploiting public property, as it provides greater legal certainty and long-term stability. A critical assessment of the new regulation shows that while the introduction of an indefinite duration offers significant practical advantages, it also raises new legal issues, especially concerning the termination of the right and the protection of mortgage creditors. The thesis finds that in some cases, such creditors may remain unprotected, indicating that the legal framework does not offer full security in the event of premature termination of the building right. Furthermore, the thesis highlights the insufficient regulation of the transformation of a building right into condominium ownership (etažna lastnina), where inconsistencies and ambiguities in legislation create challenges in both theory and practice. Particular emphasis is also placed on the compensation owed to the holder of the building right upon its termination. SPZ-B has modified this area by abolishing the mandatory nature of the provision and allowing the parties to freely agree on the amount or exclusion of compensation. The thesis confirms that the SPZ-B amendment has aligned the institution of the building right more closely with the needs of modern practice, making it more flexible and practically applicable. Nonetheless, it concludes that several legal uncertainties remain unresolved, calling for further legislative clarification and supplementation.
Secondary keywords:	property law;building right;SPZ-B amendment to the SPZ;condominium ownership;establishment;alienation and termination of building right;Univerzitetna in visokošolska dela;
Type (COBISS):	Master's thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Pravna fak.
Pages:	1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (45 str.))
ID:	27128453