Aleksander Veliki

pot do božanskosti in odziv okolice na njegovo novo vlogo

Kristina Turk (Author), Kornelija Ajlec (Mentor)

Abstract

V diplomskem delu se bom posvetila Aleksandru Velikemu, njegovi poti do božanskosti in zapuščini njegovega kulta v antičnem svetu v Aleksandriji. Makedonski vladar je v želji po osvajanju in gradnji čim večjega imperija uporabljal različne taktike, izkazalo pa se je, da je izjemno vlogo pri dosegu tega cilja odigrala ravno predstava o njegovi božanskosti. Prerokbam, ki so obkrožale njegovo rojstvo, in vprašanjem o tem, kdo je pravzaprav njegov oče, se je priključila Aleksandrova lastna ideja o božanskem poreklu. Ko je svoji državi priključil Egipt, kjer je začel vladati po zgledu egipčanskih vladarjev faraonov, se je po odgovore o svojem poreklu in prihodnosti odpravil v oazo Siwa v Amonovo svetišče. Svečenik naj bi potrdil Aleksandrovo božanskost, zadovoljen Aleksander pa je nadaljeval s svojimi osvajanji in se usmeril proti Perziji. Ko je tudi to naposled osvojil, je tam začel voditi politiko stapljanja perzijske in grško-makedonske kulture. To je želel doseči tudi s pomočjo obreda proskineze, ki bi ga v grških in makedonskih očeh povzdignila med božanstva, česar pa ti niso želeli. Uradno je božanskost, ki so jo Grki sprejeli, dosegel leta 324 pr. Kr. z izdajo odloka o deifikaciji, vendar njegova božanska vladavina ni trajala dolgo, saj je že naslednjega leta umrl. Kljub zgodnji smrti Aleksander ni bil pozabljen, saj se je v Aleksandriji oblikoval kult, v katerem so Aleksandra častili kot ustanovitelja mesta. Aleksandrovemu zgledu božanskega vladarja so sledili helenistični vladarji, kasneje pa so njegov kult vladarja posnemali tudi rimski cesarji.

Keywords

Amonovo svetišče;oaza Siwa;proskineza;razglas deifikacije;kult Aleksandra Velikega;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2025
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UL FF - Faculty of Arts
Publisher:	[K. Turk]
UDC:	323.1(497.1:675.98)"19/20"
COBISS:	248430851
Views:	57
Downloads:	2
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Alexander the Great: the path to divinity and contemporary reactions to his new role
Secondary abstract:	In my thesis I will focus on Alexander the Great, his path to divinity and the legacy of his cult in Alexandria in the ancient world. The Macedonian ruler employed a variety of tactics in his quest to conquer and build the largest empire possible, and it turns out that his divinity played an important role in achieving this goal. The prophecies surrounding his birth and the questions surrounding who his father actually was were compounded by Alexander's own ideas of divine origin. When he annexed Egypt to his country, and began to rule in the manner of Egypt's previous rulers, the pharaohs, he went to the oasis of Siwa in the Sanctuary of Amun for answers about his origins and future. The priest supposedly proclaimed Alexander a deity and, Alexander, satisfied with the answers, continued his conquests and headed towards Persia. When he finally conquered it, he began to pursue a policy of fusing Persian and Greco-Macedonian culture. He wanted to achieve this by means of the rite of proskynesis, which would elevate him to the rank of deity in the eyes of the Greeks and Macedonians, however they did not take kindly to that. Regardless, he thus officially achieved divinity, which was accepted by the Greeks, in 324 BC by issuing a decree of deification, but his divine reign did not last long, as he died the following year. Despite his sudden death, Alexander did not fade into obscurity, since a cult was formed in Alexandria, revered for his status as the city's founder. Alexander's example as a divine ruler was followed by Hellenistic rulers, and later by Roman emperors.
Secondary keywords:	temple of Ammon;Siwa oasis;proskynesis;decree of deification;divine worship;cult of Alexander the Great;Aleksander Veliki;makedonski kralj;356-323 pr. n. št.;
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme:	1011027
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Ljubljani, Filozofska fak., Oddelek za zgodovino
Pages:	31 f.
ID:	27365388