Analiza nasilja nad osnovnošolci in srednješolci

Abstract

Keywords

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Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2013
Source:	Ljubljana
Typology:	2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:	UL PEF - Faculty of Education
Publisher:	[B. Knafelc]
UDC:	364.632:373.3:373.5(043.2)
COBISS:	9890121
Views:	1226
Downloads:	219
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
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Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Analysis of violence against primary and secondary schools students
Secondary abstract:	This master's thesis studies peer and domestic violence on elementary and secondary schools pupils from the theoretical and practical point of view. The first part of the theoretical part in detail studies the notion of violence. Forms of violence are presented with its specific forms, goals and consequences of individual forms of violence. In detail are presented forms of physical violence which represent one of the roughest forms of overpowering an individual, psychological violence as one of the most widely spread and, at the same time, most concealed forms of violence, and sexual violence which reaches into individual's sexual integrity in undesirable, most offensive and humiliating manner. We are also emphasizing the influence of media and development of modern information-communication technology which contributes to increase of violent, intolerant, hostile communication, web stalking, exposure of private information and public humiliation. The second part focuses on the school as a social system and as the space where many processes are present and are affecting development of individuals. Positive and protective factors are presented which offer support to the child as the victim and warn of many endangering factors which cause stress in children and can be seen in violent reactions. The last part of the theoretical part discusses presence of violence on children in family. We are defining forms of violence which occur within the family and warn of numerous consequences which can be extremely severe in some cases and may lead to complete personality devaluation. We are trying to define the adults who harass children and emphasize causes for domestic violence from different aspects. First and most important reasons are relations between children and parents, role of parents in socialization process and social aspects among which education and employment of parents, poverty, climate and relations, educational approaches, are the most important ones. In the empirical part of the thesis, we are trying to determine the extent and forms of violence that children and teenagers encounter in school and in family environment. We are stressing key factor or reasons, related to causing various forms of peer and family violence: sex, age, number of friends, well-being, acceptance and popularity with teenagers, school climate, residence location, education of parents, social-economic status of the family, family situation, climate in the family, and relations between parents. We are especially emphasizing the importance of preventive measures, early recognition and consistent reactions. We often miss the fact that children are not ready or they are just unable to talk about violence because of fear, shame, and sense of danger or feeling completely helpless. While forms of physical violence are quickly recognized, discovered, acted upon on time and consequences are being removed, there are countless forms of psychological violence which remain mostly undetected and present all the more threat to the victim because they are harder to recognize. Domestic and school environment, where the child spends its childhood and youth, must both ensure safety, and tolerant, good and understanding mutual relations should prevail among individual members, but this is not always the case. To confront peer and domestic violence more efficiently, we would like to contribute theoretical findings, give empirical conclusions, guidelines which will help prevent, discuss, inform, raise awareness, warn children and parents regarding violence, offer suggestions to act in cases of violence and stress the importance of suitable and immediate help to all involved. We have manufactured a measuring instrument for practitioners to discover presence and levels of violence which will help them with discovering violence; we have prepared a brochure for parents of elementary and secondary schools pupils with information and practical advice on how to act in case of violence, and there is a special leaflet available for pupils and students on how to confront violence successfully.
Secondary keywords:	violence;primary school;secondary school;nasilje;osnovna šola;srednja šola;
File type:	application/pdf
Type (COBISS):	Master's thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Ljubljani, Pedagoška fak.
Pages:	339 str., [2] str. pril.
Type (ePrints):	thesis
Title (ePrints):	Analysis of violence against primary and secondary schools students
Keywords (ePrints):	nasilje
Keywords (ePrints, secondary language):	violence
Abstract (ePrints):	V magistrskem delu teoretično in empirično proučujemo vrstniško in družinsko nasilje nad osnovnošolci in srednješolci. V prvem sklopu teoretičnega dela podrobneje proučujemo pojem nasilja. Predstavljamo vrste nasilja in njegove konkretne pojavne oblike, cilje ter posledice posameznih oblik nasilja. Podrobneje predstavljamo oblike fizičnega nasilja, ki predstavlja eno najbolj grobih oblik izvajanja moči nad posameznikom, psihičnega nasilja kot eno najbolj razširjenih in hkrati najbolj prikritih oblik nasilja ter spolnega nasilje, ki na nezaželen, najbolj žaljiv in ponižujoč način posega v posameznikovo spolno integriteto. Opozarjamo tudi na vpliv medijev in razvoj sodobne informacijsko-komunikacijske tehnologije, ki prispeva k porasti nasilnega, nestrpnega, sovražnega komuniciranja, spletnega zalezovanja ter razkritja zasebnih podatkov in javnega ponižanja. V drugem sklopu se osredotočamo na šolo kot socialni sistem in prostor, kjer se odvijajo številni procesi, ki vplivajo na razvoj posameznika. Predstavljamo pozitivne in varovalne dejavnike, ki so otroku kot žrtvi nasilja v veliko oporo in pomoč, ter opozarjamo na številne ogrožajoče dejavnike, ki povzročajo stres in stiske otrok in se lahko odražajo tudi v nasilnih reakcijah. V zadnjem sklopu teoretičnega dela obravnavamo prisotnost nasilja nad otroki v družini. Opredeljujemo vrste nasilja, ki se pojavljajo znotraj družine, in opozarjamo na posledice, ki so številne, v nekaterih primerih izjemno hude in lahko pripeljejo tudi do popolnega razvrednotenja osebnosti. Ugotavljamo, kdo so odrasli, ki trpinčijo otroke, in z različnih vidikov osvetljujemo vzroke za nasilna ravnanja v družini. Kot prve in najpomembnejše vzroke navajamo odnose med otroki in starši, vlogo staršev v procesu socializacije in socialne vidike, med katerimi izstopajo izobrazba in zaposlenost staršev, revščina, klima in odnosi, vzgojni prijemi. V empiričnem delu raziskovalne naloge ugotavljamo, v kolikšni meri in s katerimi oblikami nasilja se otroci in mladostniki srečujejo v šolskem in družinskem okolju. Izpostavljamo ključne dejavnike oz. vzroke, ki so povezani s povzročanjem raznih oblik vrstniškega in družinskega nasilja: spol, starost, število prijateljev, počutje, sprejetost in priljubljenost pri vrstnikih, klima v šoli, kraj bivanja, stopnja izobrazbe staršev, socialno-ekonomski status družine, družinske razmere, klima v družini in odnosi med staršema. Še posebej opozarjamo na pomen preventivnih ukrepov, zgodnjega prepoznavanja in doslednega ukrepanja. Pogosto spregledamo dejstvo, da otroci zaradi strahu, sramu, ogroženosti, občutkov popolne nemoči niso pripravljeni ali pa enostavno ne zmorejo spregovoriti o nasilju. Medtem ko oblike fizičnega nasilja kaj hitro prepoznamo, odkrijemo, pravočasno ukrepamo in odpravljamo posledice, pa obstaja nešteto oblik psihičnega nasilja, ki vse prepogosto ostajajo očem prikrite, zaradi težjega prepoznavanja pa so toliko bolj ogrožajoče za žrtev. Tako domače kot tudi šolsko okolje, v katerem otrok preživlja svoje otroštvo in mladost, mora v prvi vrsti zagotavljati varnost, med posameznimi člani naj bi prevladovali strpni, dobri ter razumevajoči medsebojni odnosi, vendar pa ni vedno tako. Za učinkovitejše spoprijemanje z vrstniškim in družinskim nasiljem želimo s študijo prispevati teoretska spoznanja, posredovati empirične zaključke, podati smernice, ki bodo prispevale k preprečevanju, obravnavanju, informiranju, ozaveščanju, opozarjanju otrok in staršev na nasilje, ponuditi predloge za ukrepanje v primeru nasilja ter opozoriti na pomen nudenje ustrezne in takojšnje pomoči vsem vpletenim v nasilje. Za strokovne delavce v osnovnih in srednjih šolah smo izdelali merski instrumentarij za ugotavljanje prisotnosti in stopnje nasilja, ki jim bo v pomoč pri ugotavljanju nasilja, za starše osnovnošolcev in srednješolcev smo pripravili brošuro, ki vsebuje informacije in praktične nasvete za ravnanje v primeru nasilja, učencem in dijakom pa je za uspešno soočanje z nasiljem namenjena posebna zloženka.
Abstract (ePrints, secondary language):	This master's thesis studies peer and domestic violence on elementary and secondary schools pupils from the theoretical and practical point of view. The first part of the theoretical part in detail studies the notion of violence. Forms of violence are presented with its specific forms, goals and consequences of individual forms of violence. In detail are presented forms of physical violence which represent one of the roughest forms of overpowering an individual, psychological violence as one of the most widely spread and, at the same time, most concealed forms of violence, and sexual violence which reaches into individual's sexual integrity in undesirable, most offensive and humiliating manner. We are also emphasizing the influence of media and development of modern information-communication technology which contributes to increase of violent, intolerant, hostile communication, web stalking, exposure of private information and public humiliation. The second part focuses on the school as a social system and as the space where many processes are present and are affecting development of individuals. Positive and protective factors are presented which offer support to the child as the victim and warn of many endangering factors which cause stress in children and can be seen in violent reactions. The last part of the theoretical part discusses presence of violence on children in family. We are defining forms of violence which occur within the family and warn of numerous consequences which can be extremely severe in some cases and may lead to complete personality devaluation. We are trying to define the adults who harass children and emphasize causes for domestic violence from different aspects. First and most important reasons are relations between children and parents, role of parents in socialization process and social aspects among which education and employment of parents, poverty, climate and relations, educational approaches, are the most important ones. In the empirical part of the thesis, we are trying to determine the extent and forms of violence that children and teenagers encounter in school and in family environment. We are stressing key factor or reasons, related to causing various forms of peer and family violence: sex, age, number of friends, well-being, acceptance and popularity with teenagers, school climate, residence location, education of parents, social-economic status of the family, family situation, climate in the family, and relations between parents. We are especially emphasizing the importance of preventive measures, early recognition and consistent reactions. We often miss the fact that children are not ready or they are just unable to talk about violence because of fear, shame, and sense of danger or feeling completely helpless. While forms of physical violence are quickly recognized, discovered, acted upon on time and consequences are being removed, there are countless forms of psychological violence which remain mostly undetected and present all the more threat to the victim because they are harder to recognize. Domestic and school environment, where the child spends its childhood and youth, must both ensure safety, and tolerant, good and understanding mutual relations should prevail among individual members, but this is not always the case. To confront peer and domestic violence more efficiently, we would like to contribute theoretical findings, give empirical conclusions, guidelines which will help prevent, discuss, inform, raise awareness, warn children and parents regarding violence, offer suggestions to act in cases of violence and stress the importance of suitable and immediate help to all involved. We have manufactured a measuring instrument for practitioners to discover presence and levels of violence which will help them with discovering violence; we have prepared a brochure for parents of elementary and secondary schools pupils with information and practical advice on how to act in case of violence, and there is a special leaflet available for pupils and students on how to confront violence successfully.
Keywords (ePrints, secondary language):	violence
ID:	8311895