In-situ in laboratorijske preiskave historičnih malt

diplomska naloga

Nuša Černe (Author), Violeta Bokan-Bosiljkov (Mentor), Janko Logar (Thesis defence commission member), Janez Žmavc (Thesis defence commission member), Petra Štukovnik (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Keywords

gradbeništvo;UNI;historične malte;karakterizacija;kulturna dediščina;3D optična mikroskopija;neporušna metoda;kristalizacija soli;biodegradacija;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2012
Source:	Ljubljana
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UL FGG - Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering
Publisher:	[N. Černe]
UDC:	69.059.4:691.53:726.54(043.2)
COBISS:	5842529
Views:	1975
Downloads:	592
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	In-situ and laboratory analysis of historical mortars
Secondary abstract:	In my diploma work I studied adequate approach to cultural heritage buildings in the case of reconstruction and/or restoration works. The focus was on historical mortars and renders and plasters. I chose the Church of St. Three Kings as an example of historical building. First on-site investigation was carried out with the help of in-situ non-destructive techniques (visual examination, damage analysis with optical microscopy) which are in case of protected and valued historic and cultural buildings often the only possible way of studying building materials. In the next step we took samples from already heavily damaged areas of renders and plasters and from the building surroundings for which we assumed that they represent the primary building materials of the church. They were later on transformed into laboratory samples - thin sections or powder samples. On the thin sections the mineral composition and microstructure of the individual mortar components were determined using optical microscopy. In addition, we also identified the individual components and detected secondary phases, which may affect the degradation of the mortar or plaster or render. From the identified mineral composition and microstructure of the components the technology of the repair mortars can be determined. In addition to the Church of St. Three Kings I also dealt with Kolizej in Ljubljana. At this building the purpose of sample analysis was different because the building was already demolished. Analyses were carried out in order to complete the investigation about the characterization of mortar, brick and plaster and render, the determination of theirs physical and mechanical properties and properties of interface between mortar and brick. Such investigations provide important and helpful information about the historical building technology, the type of applied materials and the processes of material degradation. The obtained results can be used for repair of similar buildings.
Secondary keywords:	graduation thesis;historical mortars;characterization;cultural heritage;3D optical microscopy;non-destructive method;salt crystallisation;biodegradation;
File type:	application/pdf
Type (COBISS):	Undergraduate thesis
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Ljubljani, Fak. za gradbeništvo in geodezijo
Pages:	XIV, 87 str.
Type (ePrints):	thesis
Title (ePrints):	In-situ and laboratory analysis of historical mortars
Keywords (ePrints):	historične malte;karakterizacija;kulturna dediščina;3D optična mikroskopija;neporušna metoda;kristalizacija soli;biodegradacija
Keywords (ePrints, secondary language):	historical mortars;characterization;cultural heritage;3D optical microscopy;non-destructive method;salt crystallisation;biodegradation
Abstract (ePrints):	V okviru diplomske naloge sem se ukvarjala s pravilnim in celovitim pristopom k objektom kulturne dediščine v primeru obnovitvenih in/ali restavratorskih posegov. Pri tem smo se osredotočili na historične malte in omete. Kot primer historičnega objekta sem si izbrala cerkev sv. Treh kraljev. Najprej smo objekt preučili na terenu z in-situ neporušnimi metodami (vizualni pregled, analiza poškodb z optičnim mikroskopom), ki so pri zaščitenih in zgodovinsko ter kulturno vrednotenih objektih velikokrat edini možen način proučevanja gradbenih materialov. V naslednjem koraku smo na mestih večjih poškodb ometov ter iz okolice objekta odvzeli vzorce materialov, za katere smo predvidevali, da predstavljajo primarne gradbene materiale na objektu. Le-te se kasneje preoblikuje v primerne vzorce - zbruske ali praškovne vzorce. Na zbruskih smo z uporabo instrumentalnih tehnik in analitičnih orodij, kot je optična mikroskopija natančno v laboratoriju določili mineralno sestavo in mikrostrukturo posameznih komponent malte. Poleg tega smo tudi opredelili posamezne komponente in odkrili stranske faze, ki lahko vplivajo na propadanje ometa. Na podlagi ugotovljene mineralne sestave komponent preiskanih malt in njihove mikrostrukture bi lahko v nadaljevanju določili tehnologijo izdelave nadomestnih materialov za sanacijska in restavratorska dela ometov ali malt. Poleg cerkve sv. Treh kraljev pa sem obravnavala tudi Kolizej v Ljubljani. Pri tem objektu je bil namen analiz vzorcev drugačen, saj je bil objekt že porušen. Analize so bile opravljene z namenom celovitih preiskav kot so karakterizacija malte, opeke ter ometa, določanje njihovih mehanskih in fizikalnih lastnosti ter lastnosti stičnega območja med malto in opeko. S takimi preiskavami dobimo jasen vpogled v način gradnje tedanjega časa, vrsto materialov, ki so se takrat uporabljali ter postopek propadanja le-tega kar lahko uporabimo pri sanaciji podobnih objektov.
Abstract (ePrints, secondary language):	In my diploma work I studied adequate approach to cultural heritage buildings in the case of reconstruction and/or restoration works. The focus was on historical mortars and renders and plasters. I chose the Church of St. Three Kings as an example of historical building. First on-site investigation was carried out with the help of in-situ non-destructive techniques (visual examination, damage analysis with optical microscopy) which are in case of protected and valued historic and cultural buildings often the only possible way of studying building materials. In the next step we took samples from already heavily damaged areas of renders and plasters and from the building surroundings for which we assumed that they represent the primary building materials of the church. They were later on transformed into laboratory samples - thin sections or powder samples. On the thin sections the mineral composition and microstructure of the individual mortar components were determined using optical microscopy. In addition, we also identified the individual components and detected secondary phases, which may affect the degradation of the mortar or plaster or render. From the identified mineral composition and microstructure of the components the technology of the repair mortars can be determined. In addition to the Church of St. Three Kings I also dealt with Kolizej in Ljubljana. At this building the purpose of sample analysis was different because the building was already demolished. Analyses were carried out in order to complete the investigation about the characterization of mortar, brick and plaster and render, the determination of theirs physical and mechanical properties and properties of interface between mortar and brick. Such investigations provide important and helpful information about the historical building technology, the type of applied materials and the processes of material degradation. The obtained results can be used for repair of similar buildings.
Keywords (ePrints, secondary language):	historical mortars;characterization;cultural heritage;3D optical microscopy;non-destructive method;salt crystallisation;biodegradation
ID:	8312453