Secondary language: |
English |
Secondary title: |
Methods of reducing stormwater runoff in urban environments |
Secondary abstract: |
Urbanization has a significant impact on the amount of surface runoff. Percolation is reduced due to a high percentage of impervious materials covering the soil, evapotranspiration is decreased due to vegetation clearing, and there is not enough space for naturally formed depressions that would retain water within urban areas. Studies show that both surface runoff amount and velocity in these areas increase up to severalfold. Such runoff contains more pollutants as well.
The first part of this thesis describes the characteristics of surface runoff, drainage types and the impact of urbanization on runoff. It also contains an overview of measures for urban runoff prevention and mitigation, which include trees, green roofs, rainwater harvesting, stormwater planters, deepened green belts, dry and wet detention basins, constructed wetlands, permeable paved surfaces, infiltration basins as well as other recharge and discharge structures in sewer systems.
The second part contains a detailed presentation of the rational method, which is often used to calculate peak runoff from smaller drainage areas. It forms the basis of the modified rational method that helps estimate the necessary runoff retention volume by taking into account the allowed discharge. We studied the actual effects of urbanization in three cases, by monitoring the change in
runoff coefficient, time of concentration and runoff amount. We calculated the necessary urban runoff retention volume that would not affect conditions downstream. |
Secondary keywords: |
graduation thesis;precipitations;surface runoff;urbanization;Rational method;detention; |
File type: |
application/pdf |
Type (COBISS): |
Undergraduate thesis |
Thesis comment: |
Univ. v Ljubljani, Fak. za gradbeništvo in geodezijo |
Pages: |
XII, 77 str., 9 pril. |
Type (ePrints): |
thesis |
Title (ePrints): |
Metode zmanjševanja padavinskega odtoka v urbanem okolju |
Keywords (ePrints): |
padavine;površinski odtok;urbanizacija;racionalna metoda;zadrževanje |
Keywords (ePrints, secondary language): |
precipitations;surface runoff;urbanization;Rational method;detention |
Abstract (ePrints): |
Urbanizacija ima velik vpliv na količine padavinskega odtoka. Stopnja ponikovanja se zaradi visokega deleža pokritosti tal z neprepustnimi materiali zniža, izhlapevanje je manjše zaradi krčenja vegetacije,
prostora za naravno zadrževanje na terenu pa v urbanem okolju ni. Raziskave kažejo, da se količina in hitrost padavinskega odtoka zato povečata tudi do nekajkrat, odtok pa je tudi bolj onesnažen.
V prvem delu naloge so opisane lastnosti padavinskega odtoka, tipi odvodnje in vpliv urbanizacije na odtok. Sledi opis ukrepov zmanjševanja padavinskega odtoka v urbanem okolju – drevesa, zelena streha, zbiranje deževnice, padavinsko korito, poglobljen zelen pas, suhi in mokri zadrževalniki, mokrišča, prepustne tlakovane površine, ponikovalnice in zadrževalno razbremenilni objekti.
V drugem delu diplomske naloge je podrobno predstavljena racionalna metoda, ki se pogosto uporablja za izračun maksimalnega odtoka z manjših prispevnih površin. Na njej temelji modificirana racionalna metoda, s pomočjo katere se z upoštevanjem dovoljenega iztoka iz zadrževalnika določi
potrebna prostornina zadrževanja. Na treh primerih smo raziskali dejanske posledice urbanizacije – spremembo odtočnega koeficienta, časa koncentracije in količin padavinskega odtoka. Izračunali smo potrebno zadrževalno prostornino, pri kateri se razmere dolvodno zaradi urbanizacije ne bi spremenile. |
Abstract (ePrints, secondary language): |
Urbanization has a significant impact on the amount of surface runoff. Percolation is reduced due to a high percentage of impervious materials covering the soil, evapotranspiration is decreased due to vegetation clearing, and there is not enough space for naturally formed depressions that would retain water within urban areas. Studies show that both surface runoff amount and velocity in these areas increase up to severalfold. Such runoff contains more pollutants as well.
The first part of this thesis describes the characteristics of surface runoff, drainage types and the impact of urbanization on runoff. It also contains an overview of measures for urban runoff prevention and mitigation, which include trees, green roofs, rainwater harvesting, stormwater planters, deepened green belts, dry and wet detention basins, constructed wetlands, permeable paved surfaces, infiltration basins as well as other recharge and discharge structures in sewer systems.
The second part contains a detailed presentation of the rational method, which is often used to calculate peak runoff from smaller drainage areas. It forms the basis of the modified rational method that helps estimate the necessary runoff retention volume by taking into account the allowed discharge. We studied the actual effects of urbanization in three cases, by monitoring the change in
runoff coefficient, time of concentration and runoff amount. We calculated the necessary urban runoff retention volume that would not affect conditions downstream. |
Keywords (ePrints, secondary language): |
precipitations;surface runoff;urbanization;Rational method;detention |
ID: |
8327191 |