(magistrsko delo)
Abstract
Uvod: Incidenca raka narašča, povečuje pa se tudi število zdravil, ki se uporabljajo za njegovo zdravljenje. Z uporabo različnih citostatikov je povezana možnost nastanka alergijske reakcije. Simptomi, ki se pojavljajo pri alergijskih reakcijah na citostatike, so si podobni, obstaja pa razlika v času pojavnosti glede na različne citostatike. Namen raziskave je bil ugotoviti pogostost alergijskih reakcij na citostatike na Oddelku za ginekološko onkologijo in onkologijo dojk v UKC Maribor, najpogostejše znake ob pojavu alergijske reakcije, kako so se na pojav odzvale medicinske sestre ter ali obstaja povezava kakršnih koli alergij v anamnezi pacientke na pojav alergijske reakcije.
Raziskovalna metodologija: Raziskava je potekala retrogradno. Podatki so bili zbrani iz medicinske dokumentacije in dokumentacije zdravstvene nege pacientk, ki so v obdobju od januarja 2008 do decembra 2013 prejele kemoterapijo. Obdelani so bili s programom Microsoft Excel in statistično analizirani z računalniškim programom IBM SPSS 20. V raziskavo je bilo vključenih 190 pacientk. Prvo skupino je predstavljalo 95 pacientk, pri katerih je prišlo do alergijske reakcije na citostatike. Drugo skupino pa je predstavljalo 95 naključno izbranih pacientk, ki niso imele alergijske reakcije na citostatike. Vseh alergijskih reakcij je bilo 131 pri 95 pacientkah.
Rezultati: Povprečna starost pacientk v obeh skupinah je bila 56 let. Vključene so bile pacientke z diagnozami rak dojke, rak jajčnika in rak endometrija. Pogostost alergijskih reakcij na citostatike glede na prisotnost alergij v anamnezi pacientk in glede na dodatne diagnoze ter jemanje drugih zdravil se ni izkazala kot statistično pomembna (p > 0,05). Najpogosteje je alergijsko reakcijo povzročil docetaksel, sledi paklitaksel. Oba sta najpogosteje povzročila alergijsko reakcijo v drugem ciklu, v prvih 5 minutah. Karboplatin pa je alergijsko reakcijo povzročil po več aplikacijah in po 10 minutah.
Sklep: V raziskavi smo ugotovili, da so bile ob nastanku alergijske reakcije vedno prisotne le medicinske sestre. Zaradi tega je nujno, da so medicinske sestre, ki aplicirajo citostatike, usposobljene za prepoznavanje prvih simptomov ob nastanku alergijske reakcije. Pomembno je, da znajo oceniti resnost in stopnjo reakcije ter ob nastanku te pravilno in hitro ukrepati, kajti pravočasno ukrepanje pripomore k zmanjšanju in ublažitvi simptomov.
Keywords
alergijska reakcija;citostatiki;kemoterapija;pacientke;zdravstvena nega;
Data
Language: |
Slovenian |
Year of publishing: |
2015 |
Typology: |
2.09 - Master's Thesis |
Organization: |
UM - University of Maribor |
Publisher: |
[I. Tominc] |
UDC: |
616-006:616-083(043.2) |
COBISS: |
2076324
|
Views: |
1368 |
Downloads: |
118 |
Average score: |
0 (0 votes) |
Metadata: |
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Other data
Secondary language: |
English |
Secondary title: |
ALLERGIC REACTIONS TO CYTOSTATICS |
Secondary abstract: |
Introduction: The incidence of cancer is increasing, as does the number of medicines used in the treatment of cancer. The use of different cytostatics is linked with the possibility of an allergic reaction. Symptoms during allergic reactions to cytostatics are similar, but there is a difference in the time of occurrence regarding different cytostatics. The purpose of the research was to identify the frequency of allergic reactions to cytostatics at the Department for gynaecological oncology and breast oncology in UKC Maribor, to identify the most common signs at the occurrence of an allergic reaction, how nurses reacted to the occurrence and whether there is a connection between allergies in the medical history of the patient and the occurrence of an allergic reaction.
Research methodology: Within the research a retrograde approach was applied. Data were collected from medical records and nursing documentation of the patients, who received chemotherapy in the period from January 2008 to December 2013. The data were processed by using the program Microsoft Excel and statistically analyzed by the computer program IBM SPSS 20. The research included 190 female patients. The first group comprised 95 female patients, who experienced an allergic reaction to cytostatics. The second group comprised 95 randomly chosen patients, who did not have an allergic reaction to cytostatics. The total number of all allergic reactions was 131 in 95 female patients.
Results: The average age of the patients in both groups was 56 years. Included were femele patients with a diagnosis of breast cancer, ovarian cancer and endometrial cancer. The frequency of allergic reactions to cytostatics according to the presence of allergies in the medical history of the patients and according to the additional diagnosis and taking other medicines was not proven to be statistically significant (p>0.05). Most commonly an allergic reaction was caused by docetaksel, secondly by paclitaxel. Both most commonly caused an allergic reaction in the second cycle, in the first 5 minutes. Karboplatin on the other hand caused an allergic reaction after several applications and after 10 minutes.
Conclusion: In the survey we found out that in the event of an allergic reaction only nurses were always present. Therefore it is essential that nurses, who apply cytostatics, are trained to identify the first symptoms of an allergic reaction. It is important that they are able to assess the severity and the degree of reaction, if it appears, and act properly and quickly, because acting in time helps to reduce and alleviate the symptoms. |
Secondary keywords: |
allergic reaction;cytostatic;chemoteraphy;female pacient;nursing; |
URN: |
URN:SI:UM: |
Type (COBISS): |
Master's thesis/paper |
Thesis comment: |
Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za zdravstvene vede |
Pages: |
VII, 57 f., 8 f. pril. |
ID: |
8706547 |