doktorska disertacija
Brigita Polanec (Author), Srečko Glodež (Mentor), Boris Aberšek (Co-mentor), Niko Samec (Co-mentor)

Abstract

V tej doktorski disertaciji obravnavamo sledeče probleme iz področja gospodarjenja z odpadki: proizvodnja alternativnega trdnega goriva iz nenevarnih odpadkov, razvoj matematičnega modela, idejna zasnova pilotne naprave za proizvodnjo trdnega alternativnega goriva in ozaveščenosti ljudi o pravilnem ravnanju z odpadki. Politika ravnanja z odpadki je v Evropski uniji urejena s hierarhično lestvico ravnanja z odpadki. Ta sistem daje poudarek na preprečevanje nastajanja odpadkov, sledijo priprava odpadkov za ponovno uporabo, recikliranje, energetska izraba in nazadnje odlaganje. Proizvodnja trdnih goriv iz nenevarnih odpadkov je v EU vedno bolj uveljavljena in tudi v Sloveniji pridobiva vedno večji pomen. V obsegu naših raziskav za proizvodnjo trdnih goriv iz nenevarnih odpadkov je razvit matematični model za pripravo različnih vzorcev trdnega goriva, s katerim lahko poljubno spreminjamo kakovost trdnega goriva v smislu njegovih energijskih, kemijskih in fizikalnih lastnostih. Matematični model je osnova za določitev približne kakovosti trdnega goriva in s tem tudi razreda v katerega je uvrščeno gorivo. Vzorci za gorivo so pripravljeni na tehnološki liniji za obdelavo komunalnih in industrijskih odpadkov in laboratorijsko analizirani. Namen proizvodnje kvalitetnega SRF je: (a) pridobiti gorivo, za katerega v prihodnosti ne bomo več govorili kot o odpadku, ampak produktu, v ta namen je bil podan tudi predlog za standardizacijo trdnih alternativnih goriv iz nenevarnih odpadkov v Sloveniji; (b) zmanjšati negativne vplive na okolje in s tem posredno na ljudi in druge žive organizme; (c) zmanjšati porabo fosilnih goriv; (d) zmanjšati korozijo, ki nastaja pri uporabi goriva z večjo vsebnostjo klora in s tem posredno zmanjšati stroške čiščenja; (e) zmanjšati stroške odvoza in deponiranja pepela/ostanka po sežigu. Glavni problem prekomerne količine odloženih odpadkov na odlagališčih je v zavesti ljudi o ravnanju z odpadki. V petem poglavju je izdelana analiza stanja poznavanja področja ravnanja z odpadki, na osnovi katere bo potrebno razviti izobraževalni koncept, ki bo dvignil ozaveščenost ljudi.

Keywords

gospodarjenje z odpadki;trdna alternativna goriva;proizvodnja trdnih alternativnih goriv;matematični modeli;neformalno izobraževanje;osveščenost;disertacije;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.08 - Doctoral Dissertation
Organization: UM FNM - Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics
Publisher: B. Polanec]
UDC: 628.4.038:62-66(043.3)
COBISS: 271770880 Link will open in a new window
Views: 2006
Downloads: 222
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Model of waste sorting for the production of solid fuels
Secondary abstract: In this doctoral dissertation we study the following problems in the field of waste management: producing an alternative solid fuel from non-hazardous waste, developing mathematical model, conceptual design of pilot plant for producing solid recovered fuel and about social awareness of waste management. Waste policy in the European Union has been envisioned through the waste management hierarchy. This system gives the greatest emphasis to waste prevention, followed by preparation for reuse, recycling, energy use and the final step, which is disposal. The production of solid fuels from non-hazardous waste in EU is becoming increasingly established and in Slovenia is becoming increasingly topical too. We developed a mathematical model, in the context of our research, for the preparation of solid fuel from non-hazardous waste, for the preparation of different samples of solid fuel in which the quality of solid fuel can be arbitrarily changed in terms of its energy output, chemical and physical properties. The mathematical model is the basis for determining the approximate quality of solid fuel, and consequently the class of solid fuel. Fuel samples were prepared on a technological line for the treatment of municipal and industrial waste material and laboratory analysed. The aim of manufacture the quality solid recovered fuel (SRF) is: (a) to obtain the fuel, which will no longer speak as the waste, but rather about the product % about the fuel. Therefore, the proposal for the standardization of solid alternative fuels from non-hazardous waste was given in Slovenia. (b) Reduce the negative impacts on the environment, humans and other living organisms. (c) Reduce the use of fossil fuels; optimization. (d) To reduce corrosion, generated by the application of fuel with higher chlorine content and hence indirectly reduce the cost of cleaning. (e) The possible use of SRF for co-incineration. (f) Reduce the cost of removal and deposit of residue after incineration or co-incineration. The main problem of excessive amounts of disposed waste to landfill is obscured in the social awareness of waste management. In the fifth chapter we made an analysis of knowledge and proper waste management, based on which it will be necessary to develop an educational concept in order to raise of people's awareness.
Secondary keywords: waste management;solid recovered fuel;production of solid recovered fuel;mathematical model;non-formal education;awareness;dissertations;Odpadki;Disertacije;Sortiranje;Matematični modeli;
URN: URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS): Doctoral dissertation
Thesis comment: Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za naravoslovje in matematiko, Oddelek za tehniko
Pages: 90 f.
ID: 8717453