Kriminalistični in pravni vidik primera Balkanski bojevnik

diplomsko delo visokošolskega strokovnega študija Varnost in policijsko delo

Dragan Jerković (Author), Darko Maver (Mentor)

Abstract

Najobsežnejša kriminalistična preiskava s področja mednarodnega tihotapljenja drog v zgodovini samostojne Slovenije, ki je v javnosti sprva pustila vtis o učinkovitem delu policije, tožilstva in sodnih organov pri preiskovanju organiziranega kriminala, nato pa zamajala zaupanje v pravno državo s sodnim epilogom, še vedno buri duhove in sproža ugibanja o domnevno storjenih procesnih napakah ter upravičenosti odločitev prvostopenjskega sodišča. Sedemnajst slovenskih državljanov je bilo soočenih z obtožbami skupine tožilcev za pregon organiziranega kriminala Vrhovnega državnega tožilstva Republike Slovenije o domnevno storjenih kaznivih dejanjih nedovoljenega prometa s prepovedanimi drogami in orožjem, vodenjem slovenskega dela večje mednarodne hudodelske združbe ter soudeležbah v njej. Dokazi so bili zbrani predvsem z uporabo prikritih preiskovalnih ukrepov, ki veljajo za najbolj intenzivne posege policije v ustavno zagotovljene pravice do zasebnosti. V diplomski nalogi smo pojasnili temeljne zahteve kazensko-procesnega prava, pomembne za dokazni postopek v zadevi Balkanski bojevnik, ter potek pridobivanja dokazov slovenskih in tujih varnostnih organov. Osrednji zaplet se pojavi ob pojmu utemeljenih razlogov za sum storitve kaznivega dejanja, dokaznem standardu, ki je neizogiben element stopnje dokazovanja v primeru odredb za izvedbo določenih prikritih preiskovalnih ukrepov. Začetna faza kriminalistične preiskave je bila v zadevi Balkanski bojevnik odločilna za zakonito in dosledno nadaljevanje operativnih kriminalističnih dejanj. Utemeljeni razlogi za sum so skorajda najvišji dokazni standard in se nahajajo tik pred tistimi za izrek sodbe, zato je zahteva po odredbi za izvedbo prikritih preiskovalnih ukrepov neutemeljena, zlasti ko gre za pomanjkanje ali negotovost zbranih informacij in podatkov o domnevnem storilcu in kaznivem dejanju. Po pravilu izločanja dokazov, kot t. i. plodov zastrupljenega drevesa, se na podlagi prvotne nezakonito izdane odredbe ali več odredb izloči ves dokazni material, pridobljen v predkazenskem postopku, sodni proces pa se praviloma konča z oprostilno sodbo. Tovrsten primer je navajanje problematike v zvezi z izločenimi slovenskimi in srbskimi dokazi.

Keywords

organizirana kriminaliteta;preiskovanje;prikriti preiskovalni ukrepi;dokazi;analiza primera;Balkanski bojevnik;diplomske naloge;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2014
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM FVV - Faculty of Criminal Justice
Publisher:	D. Jerković]
UDC:	343.98(043.2)
COBISS:	2914282
Views:	1174
Downloads:	231
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary abstract:	The most comprehensive criminal investigation of international drug smuggling in the history of independent Slovenia, which had initially left an impression of effective police, public prosecutors' and judicial work in investigating organized crime and later shook the public confidence in the rule of law in the state by the court epilogue, still stirs ghosts and raises speculation about the allegedly commited procedural faults and justification of the first instance court's decisions. Seventeen of Slovenian citizens were faced with accusations by the Supreme State Prosecutor's Office on the allegedly commited criminal offenses of illicit trafficking of narcotic drugs and arms during their involvement in a major international criminal organization. Evidences were primarily collected through the use of covert investigative measures that apply to most intensive encroachment of the police upon one's constitutionally guaranteed rights to privacy. In this thesis, we explain the basic requirements of criminal procedural law, relevant to the Balkan Warrior case. The central twist of the trial lies within the legal concept of reasonable grounds for suspicion. They represent an indispensable element of the evidence procedure as a level of measure of when, if at all, certain covert investigative measures can be taken. The initial stage of the criminal investigation was decisive for the lawful and consistent continuation of the operational police work. Reasonable grounds for suspicion are almost the highest standard of proof, right below the grounds on which the judgment is based, thus a demand to carry out covert investigative measures, especially when it comes to lack or uncertainty of collected information and data relating to the alleged offender and the offense, is groundless. Based on the rule of evidence elimination, so-called »fruit of the poisoned tree«, all evidence than has been collected by originally illegal order(s) in the initiative phase of a criminal investigation must be excluded, which usually also leads to acquittal of the defendant.
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za varnostne vede, Ljubljana
Pages:	37 str.
ID:	8724848