Vpliv sodobnega ravnanja z odpadki na zmanjševanje emisij CO[spodaj]2

magistrsko delo

Katja Polanec (Author), Niko Samec (Mentor), Filip Kokalj (Co-mentor), Emil Škrinjar (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Učinkovito ravnanje z odpadki je ena izmed ključnih nalog na področju varstva okolja. Hitro naraščanje količin odpadkov, negativni vplivi na vse elemente okolja, porast okoljske zavesti v širši javnosti, predvsem pa stremenje k ohranitvi človeštva, so pripeljali do hitrih sprememb na področju ravnanja z odpadki; le-te pa se odslikavajo v obliki intenzivnih političnih manifestov, implementacij zakonodaje ter tehnično-tehnoloških rešitev koristne izrabe odpadkov. Rešitev učinkovitega ravnanja z odpadki po posameznih segmentih (zbiranje, transport, predelava in obdelava ter končno odstranjevanje) je prehod na integralne koncepte ravnanja z odpadki, kar pomeni, da se lahko na vsakem koraku s pametnim pristopom prihranijo tako količine odloženih odpadkov, kakor tudi emisije CO2. V magistrskem delu smo podrobno predstavili in analizirali prispevek sodobnega ravnanja z odpadki k zmanjšanju emisij CO2 v ozračje. Opravili smo pregled energijske vrednosti alternativnih goriv iz nenevarnih odpadkov in dobljene rezultate primerjali z energijsko vrednostjo primarnega energenta. Rezultati primerjave so bili kot osnova za oceno prihranka primarnega energenta za proizvodnjo energije ter količino prihranjenih emisij CO2. Izvedli smo tudi analizo vseh vrst odpadkov in njihovih masnih tokov, ki so namenjeni v snovno predelavo oz. recikliranje ter ocenili njihov potencial za prihranek emisij CO2 zaradi njihove ponovne uporabe in s tem zmanjšanja količin novo izdelanih surovin in/ali izdelkov, ki se po uporabi spremenijo v odpadke. V ocenjevalnem modelu sodobnega ravnanja z odpadki smo upoštevali vse posamezne segmente ravnanja z njimi. Vsebino dela pa utemeljili še z evropsko in slovensko zakonodajo s področja trajnostnega razvoja in celovitega obvladovanja odpadkov. Za nadaljnje izboljšanje pozitivnih trendov obvladovanja odpadkov v Sloveniji smo preučili dobre prakse iz okoljsko najbolj razvitih evropskih držav ter jih poskušali v obliki priporočil in navodil prenesti v slovensko prakso.

Keywords

trdni komunalni odpadki;toplogredni plini;ogljikov dioksid;metan;energijska izraba;snovna izraba;odlaganje;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2013
Typology:	2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:	UM FS - Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
Publisher:	[K. Polanec]
UDC:	628.4ʼ264(043.3)
COBISS:	17581846
Views:	2481
Downloads:	131
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Influence of modern waste management on CO2 emissions reduction
Secondary abstract:	Efficient waste management is one of the most important processes in preserving the environment. Fast groving rate of waste quantities, negative influence on all environment elements, rise of public environmental awareness and strong will for all living species preservation, had led to fast changes in waste management. The changes can be seen in all shapes of political manifests, in fast implementation of legislation and in new technical and technological solutions for waste reuse. Effective activities in waste management (collection, transport, processing, treatment in final disposal) are transition to integral waste management, where with clever approach the disposed waste quantities and greenhouse emissions can be heavily reduced. In this Master thesis the effect of modern waste management to CO2 emissions reduction will be presented in details. The overlook of energy potential of alternative fuels – refuse derived fuels has been done and compared to energy potential of primary fuels. This comparison was the basic for CO2 emissions reduction calculation. The analysis of all types of municipal waste and their quantities for processing or recycling has been done. Also their potential for CO2 reduction in case of waste reuse (raw materials, new products and waste quantities reduction) has been analysed. In our analytical model the collection, logistics, processing, treatment in final disposal were analysed in details. The thesis was additionally supported with European and Slovenian environmental legislation, sustainable development plans and integral waste management. For further improvements of positive trends in Slovenian waste management processes the good practises from most environmentally developed European countries were analysed and recommendations for transfer into Slovene practise were prepared.
Secondary keywords:	solid municipal waste;greenhouse gases;carbon dioxide;methane;energy generation;material recovery;disposal;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS):	Master's thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za strojništvo, Tehniško varstvo okolja
Pages:	XII, 89 f.
ID:	8726423