Primerjava anatomskih značilnosti morfotipov listov pri hladnikovki

diplomsko delo

Teja Pintarič (Author), Nina Šajna (Mentor)

Abstract

Rebrinčevolistno hladnikovko ali hladnikijo (Hladnikia pastinacifolia) je poimenoval nemški botanik Reichenbach v čast Hladniku, ki je bil ustanovitelj Botaničnega vrta v Ljubljani. Diplomsko delo opisuje anatomske značilnosti treh morfotipov listov, ki se pojavljajo pri rebrinčevolistni hladnikovki. Hladnikovka je naš najpomembnejši konzervativni endemit, ker predstavlja endemični rod s svojevrstno evolucijo in ker je izjemno ozko razširjen. Vrsta je redka, pojavlja se samo v Sloveniji in nikjer drugje na svetu. Toda kljub širokemu naboru različnih habitatov, kjer uspeva, se pojavlja le v omejenih predelih Trnovskega gozda in poseljuje skupno le 4 km - areala. Nesoglasje med nespecifično habitatno preferenco vrste in njeno redkostjo še ni v zadostni meri pojasnjeno, zato smo v našem diplomskem delu preučili morfološko funkcionalne značilnosti, ki veliko povedo o ekologiji vrst - to so morfološko funkcionalne značilnosti listov. Morfotipi listov hladnikovke se ločijo glede na deljenost listne ploskve in se pri hladnikovki pojavljajo v različnih ontogenetskih fazah. Primerjali smo različne morfotipe listov iz različnih populacij oz. rastišč. Analizirali smo debelino listne ploskve, debelino gobastega in stebričastega tkiva, debelino zgornje in spodnje povrhnjice ter število listnih rež v zgornji in spodnji povrhnjici. Izmerjene podatke smo uporabili za izračune količnika med gobastim in stebričastim tkivom, indeks listnih rež (SI) in gostoto listnih rež (SD). Statistična analiza vključuje primerjave vseh listnih značilnosti glede na posamezen tip lista in populacijo / habitat: (a) med istimi tipi listov med habitati in (b) med različnimi tipi listov znotraj istih habitatov. Semenska banka tal omogoča rastlinam preživetje krajšega ali daljšega obdobja kot seme skladiščeno v tleh. Prisotnost trajne semenske banke, obstojne več let, je velikega pomena za preživetje vrste v času. Prisotnost trajne semenske banke je še posebej pomembna za ohranjanje redkih vrst kot je hladnikovka, ki plodijo le enkrat samkrat v svojem življenju, nato pa propadejo. Zato smo s testi kalivosti preverili ali 7 let stari vzorci tal iz rastišča hladnikovke vsebujejo njena živa semena.

Keywords

biologija;endemiti;redke vrste;listi;morfotipi;tla;semenske banke;Trnovski gozd;diplomska dela;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2013
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM FNM - Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics
Publisher:	[T. Pintarič]
UDC:	57(043.2)
COBISS:	20035848
Views:	1611
Downloads:	147
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	A comparison of anatomical characteristics of Hladnikia postinacifolia leaf morphotypes
Secondary abstract:	Hladnikia pastinacifolia, the most eminent endemic plant species in Slovenia, was named by german botanist Reichenbach in honor of Hladnik, who was the founder of the Botanical Garden in Ljubljana. The thesis describes the anatomical characteristics of the three leaf morfotypes that occur in H. pastinacifolia and reports about lacking persistent soil seed bank. Species is rare and protected because it represents an endemic genus with unique evolution and because of its narrow distribution range. The species is occurring only in Slovenia and nowhere else in the world. However, despite the various habitats where the species can be found it only appears in restricted areas in Trnovski gozd - on a 4 km - areal. Disagreement between the non-specific habitat preference of the species and its rarity has not been sufficiently explained. Therefore, in our study we focused on the functional morphological features that are most indicative for the ecology of plant species - functional and morphological characteristics of leaves. Leaf morphotypes of H. pastinacifolia can be distinguished by the leaf area, which varies according to different ontogenetic stages from simple to lobate. We compared anatomical features of different leaf morphotypes. We analyzed the thickness of the leaf lamina, spongy and palisade parenchyma, the thickness of the upper and lower epidermis and the number of leaf stomata in the upper and lower epidermis. The measured data was further used to calculate the ratio between the spongy and palisade parenchyma, leaf stomata index (SI) and the density of leaf stomata (SD). Statistical analysis included a comparison of leaf characteristics with respect to a different morphotypes within the same habitat and comparison of the same leaf morphotypes across habitats. The presence of soil seed banks, where the seeds are stored in the soil, enables survival of plant populations for shorter or longer periods. The existence of persistent soil seed banks, containing viable seeds for several years, it is particularly important for the survival and conservation of rare species in time, especially if the rare species such as H. pastinacifolia is monocarpic - meaning that it flowers only once and then dies. Therefore, we testet 7-year old soil samples collected at H. pastinacifolia sites, for presence of viable seeds. We performed germination tests in laboratory conditions.
Secondary keywords:	Keywords: endemic species;rare species;leaf morphotype;soil seed bank;Trnovski forest;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS):	Undergraduate thesis
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za naravoslovje in matematiko, Oddelek za biologijo
Pages:	XI, 54 f.
ID:	8726854