Sistem zaščite in reševanja v Sloveniji

študija primera suše v Sloveniji poletje 2012

Anton Omerzel (Author), Iztok Podbregar (Mentor)

Abstract

Povzetek Tudi v Sloveniji se zadnjih nekaj letih suša pojavlja pogosteje in tudi posledice so hujše, kot je bilo to opaziti v preteklosti. Vzroke, zakaj se suša pojavlja pogosteje in zakaj so tudi posledice suše hujše, lahko iščemo v številnih dejavnikih, kot so sprememba podnebja, onesnaževanje, uničevanje gozdov, škropljenje z nevarnimi, pravzaprav s strupenimi pesticidi, neekološko vsakodnevno obnašanje potrošnikov in še marsikaj. Posledice suše so najprej vidne v kmetijstvu oziroma v naravi (gozdovih, travinju, poljskih pridelkih, tudi pri živalih). Na vsakem področju je drugače, posledice pa so povsod negativne. Zelo močne in dolgoletne suše pa za seboj pustijo tudi pravo uničenje pokrajine. Poleg tega, da sušo spremljajo visoke temperature, sta pogosta spremljevalca hudih suš tudi veter in požar. Visoke temperature se seveda na različnih delih sveta smatrajo drugače. V srednji Evropi smatramo za visoke temperature že, ko termometer prestopi mejo 30 stopinj Celzija, v Afriki pa 30 stopinj Celzija predstavlja normalno oziroma nizko poletno temperaturo. Veliko finančnih sredstev se nameni zdravljenju posledic suše, mnogo manj, premalo, pa ukrepom proti preprečevanju posledic suše. Pravzaprav je to nelogično, a ker takšni projekti vseeno zahtevajo velika finančna sredstva, se za njih v preventivne namene odloči le redkokatera država. Ne samo da bi z nekaterimi ukrepi lahko preprečili posledice suše, tudi ostale neprijetnosti (prevelik razvoj sadnih in zelenjavnih bolezni), ki so sopotnice suše, bi zmanjšali. V nalogi smo opisali, kako je suša vplivala na pokrajino in pridelke po posameznih slovenskih regijah. Razlika je kar velika zaradi različne strukture tal in lokalnih neviht. To pa je lep primer, da so že v tako majhni državi posledice suše po različnih regijah močno različne, kaj šele v primerjavi z ostalimi državami in kaj šele med kontinenti. Upravičenci do denarne odškodnine niso vsi kmetovalci, so le tisti, ki izpolnjujejo kriterije. Le-ti so strogo določeni, včasih se zdi, da tudi nepravično, vendar se je teh pravil vseeno potrebno strogo držati.

Keywords

reševanje;zaščita;naravne nesreče;suša;škoda;ocena škode;zavarovanje pred sušo;subvencije;študije primerov;diplomske naloge;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2013
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM FVV - Faculty of Criminal Justice
Publisher:	A. Omerzel]
UDC:	504.4:556.167 (043.2)
COBISS:	2696170
Views:	1223
Downloads:	93
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary abstract:	In recent years had in Slovenia droughts occur more frequently. Also the consequences of droughts are more severe, as in previous droughts. Why do droughts occur more frequently and whay they are the consequences of severe droughts are worse, can bet raced to several causes, such as climate change, pollution, destruction of forests aerial with dangerous, infact toxic pesticides not ekological daily consumers behavior and much more. The consequences of droughts are first seen in agriculture and in nature (forest, grassland, fields, crops and even in animals). In each area differently, but consequences are always negative. Very strong and long-standing drought always leave a real destruction of the landscape. In addition to drought accompanied by high temperatures, is a frequent companion of severe droughts also wind and fire. High temperatures are of course treathet differently in different of the world. In Central Europe 30 degrees Celsius in considered as high temperature in the summer. In Africa 30 degrees Celsius in the summer means low summer temperature. A lot funding is devotet to the treatment of the effects of drought, much less funding is intended for prevention measures against the effects of draft. Actually, this in ellogical, but because such envestment, however, require substantial financial resources, only few countris decide preventive purposes. Not only that certain measures can prevent droughts stress, also the others inconvenience like excessive development of fruit and vegetables diseases, that are companions of drought, could be reduced. In this work we describet how the drought affected region and crops by individual regions in Slovenia. The difference is quite large, due to the different soil structure and local storms. This is a good example, that also in such small country, the effects of drought in the different regions have significantly different impact. Let alone when comparing to other countries, and other countinents. Not all farmers are entitled to compensation, only those, who meet the criteria. The criteria are strictly defined, sometimes it seems that the criteria are unfair, but these rules still need to be strictly account.
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za varnostne vede, Ljubljana
Pages:	50 str.
ID:	8727015