Tehnike opravljanja razgovorov za ugotavljanje spolne zlorabe otroka

diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študija

Maja Žnidaršič (Author), Igor Areh (Mentor)

Abstract

V primeru spolnih zlorab otrok se preiskovalci pogosto soočajo s problemom odsotnosti materialnih dokazov. Pogosto prav zaradi tega, ker prijava v večini primerov ni podana neposredno po spolni zlorabi in se najpogosteje dogaja v ožjem socialnem okolju otroka. Storilci ne uporabljajo fizičnega nasilja, ampak grožnje, trike in zvijače, s katerimi otroka obvladajo brez fizične prisile. To je razlog za odsotnost materialnih dokazov neposredno po zlorabi. Preiskovalci so v takih primerih odvisni le od razgovora z otrokom. Od njih je odvisno, koliko in kako natančne informacije bodo pridobili od otroka. Pomembno je, da se zavedajo, da lahko povsem nezavedno vplivajo na otrokovo izjavo in s tem na morebitno lažno razkritje in obtožbe o spolni zlorabi. Problemi v predkazenskih postopkih so običajno vezani na zakonodajo, kader, prakso opravljanja razgovorov, kraj opravljanja razgovora in osebe, ki morajo biti prisotne v okviru postopka. Kako postopek posameznega primera poteka, je odvisno od vseh udeleženih oseb, ki odločajo, prvega stika otroka z organi pregona do pravnomočne sodbe na sodišču. Zato je še toliko bolj pomembno, da se v predkazenskem postopku uporabljajo tehnike za razgovor, s katerimi se pridobi večje število natančnejših informacij, ki kar najbolj zmanjšujejo možnost neresničnih izjav otroka in posledično krive ovadbe. Opisane tehnike opravljanja razgovorov so: NICHD protokol, obširna forenzična ocena, pregled dotikanja, za obtožbe slepi intervju, tehnika anatomskih lutk in risb ter kognitivni intervju. O praksi opravljanja razgovorov v Sloveniji sem osebno govorila z gospo Nežo Miklič, ki dela na področju spolnih zlorab na Policijski upravi Ljubljana.

Keywords

spolne zlorabe;otroci;preiskovanje;zaslišanje;informativni pogovor;intervju;NICHD protokol;diplomske naloge;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2013
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM FVV - Faculty of Criminal Justice
Publisher:	M. Žnidaršič]
UDC:	159.9:340.6(043.2)
COBISS:	2689770
Views:	1636
Downloads:	255
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary abstract:	In child sexual abuse cases interviewers often have problems with absence of material evidence. Often becouse report isn't given immediately after sexual abuse and it happens in child's narrower social enviroment. Offenders ussually don't use physical violence, but only threat and tricks with whom they are dominating the child without using physical violences. This is the main reaison for absence of material evidence. Interviewers are only depend from the abused child statement and forensic investigative interview techniques. It depends on them how many and how acccurate are informations gained from a child. They have to be aware that they can unconsciously influence on child statements. This could lead to false reports and accusations of sexual abuse. Police procedures problems are often connected with law, interviewing techniques, employments, places for conducting interview, present persons. How the particular case is solving it depends on all who are involved in case, from pre-trial interviewers to final judgment on court. Because of that it is even more important in police procedures to use better interviewing techniques to gather greater number of more detailed information and to minimize the possibility of false statements and charge. Described investigative interviewing techniques are: NICHD Protocol, Extended forensic evaluation, Touch survey, Allegation-Blind Interview, Anatomically detailed dolls and drawings and Cognitive interview. About investigative interview practice in Slovenia I spooked to Mrs. Neža Miklič who works on child sexual abuse cases on Police Administration in Ljubljana.
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za varnostne vede, Ljubljana
Pages:	39 str.
ID:	8727186