Sodobni sistemi cestninjenja ter njihove prednosti in pomanjkljivosti

delo diplomskega seminarja

Dejan Prelog (Author), Samo Bobek (Mentor)

Abstract

Tako hitro, kot se razvija svetovna tehnologija, je izjemno pomembno, da smo v koraku s časom tudi na področju sistemov cestninjenja. Prihodnost nas vedno znova sili, da posegamo po vedno sodobnejših tehnologijah. Ker se naš življenjski slog nenehno spreminja, tempo življenja pa stopnjuje, je uporaba sodobnih prometnih povezav praktično nuja. Tako jih dnevno uporabljamo z namenom, da bi čim hitreje in seveda pravočasno prispeli do svojega, zaradi aktualnih razmer, mnogokrat zelo oddaljenega cilja oziroma delovnega mesta, ter da bi na svojih poteh imeli čim manj zastojev in nevarnosti, ki bi lahko povzročali slabo voljo pri nas. Vse to vsekakor vpliva na posameznikovo zbranost in voljo do dela skozi celoten delovni proces. Po končanem napornem delavniku pa si tako vsak posameznik želim čimprejšnjega povratka nazaj, med svoje najdražje, da bi v njihovi družbi čim bolje izkoristili ves preostali dragoceni prosti čas. Vse se na prvi pogled zdi lepo in prav, saj smo seveda zadovoljni, da so imamo zgrajeno sodobno cestno infrastrukturo, ki jo lahko uporabljamo za premagovanje večjih razdalj v krajšem času. Večkrat pa se pri nas uporabnikih pojavlja slaba volja, ko se znajdemo v gneči, bodisi zaradi nekaterih manjših vzdrževalnih del ali tudi večjih sanacijsko-gradbenih posegov v te večpasovne sodobne žile prometnice. Takrat smo mnogokrat nejevoljni in svojo jezo stresamo na nesposobnost cestnih družb, ki so kot koncesionarji v posameznih državah odgovorne, da na cestah, ki jih upravljajo, zagotavljajo nemoteno pretočnost prometa. Zavedati se namreč moramo, da kot uporabniki, obremenjujemo in obrabljamo vse te prometnice in na drugi strani tudi okolje, zraven tega pa narava na koncu pristavi še svoj delež, saj z vsemi svojimi spremembami v klimatskih razmerah in letnih časih, še dodatno vpliva, da je zob časa teh cest še toliko hitreje opažen. Vzdrževanja, sanacije in obnove avtocest so torej nujne in ni se jim mogoče izogniti. Da pa bi lahko vse potrebne sanacije in vzdrževanja zagotovili, so potrebna tudi izdatna finančna sredstva, ki jih družbe s koncesijo za upravljanje teh prometnic, najlažje pridobijo s pobiranjem cestnine za njihovo uporabo. Za procese cestninjenja poznamo več različnih sistemov, na področju katerih se je skozi zgodovino uporabljene tehnologije zgodil velik napredek. Tako lahko omenimo, da smo kmalu po začetnem fizičnem pobiranju cestnine na cestninskih postajah, prešli na nove sodobnejše modele elektronskih cestninskih sistemov, ki jih uporabljamo še danes in se od države do države razlikujejo. Poznamo tudi, vinjetni sistem plačevanja pavšalne cestnine, ki ga trenutno uporablja tudi Slovenija. Gre za enega enostavnejših sistemov, ki terja bistveno manj finančnih vložkov, povezanih z nakupom posebne informacijske tehnologije. Naša prihodnost pa temelji na vzpostavitvi pravičnejšega sistema, ki bo temeljil na uporabi satelitsko-navigacijske tehnologije. Tako bomo v prihodnosti morali vse svoje obstoječe elektronske sisteme cestninjenja prilagoditi Direktivi Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta (Direktiva 2004/52/ES), da bomo kasneje lahko čim lažje in brez večjih težav, vpeljali novi satelitski sistem cestninjenja. V tem času pa je potrebno podrobno preučiti in analizirati vse pomembne pomanjkljivosti tega sistema ter pravočasno zagotoviti ustrezne rešitve s katerimi bi bilo možno te pomanjkljivosti odpraviti. Na podlagi teh rešitev pa bo potrebno oblikovati ustrezne odgovore na vprašanja, glede skeptičnih pogledov na uporabo, njihovih bodočih uporabnikov.

Keywords

cestninjenje;sodobnost;cestni promet;avtoceste;plačilni sistemi;avtomatizacija;prednost;analiza;slabosti;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2013
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM EPF - Faculty of Economics and Business
Publisher:	[D. Prelog]
UDC:	656.11:005.591.6
COBISS:	11565852
Views:	1207
Downloads:	123
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Contemporary toll systems and their strengths and weaknesses
Secondary abstract:	As fast as the world's technology is evolving, it is extremely important that we keep up to date in the field of tolling, too. The future once again forces us to crave for always cutting edge technology. Since our lifestyle and the pace of life are constantly changing, so it also intensifies the use of modern transport. Thus, we use the modern transport daily in order to commute, due to the current situation, often to a very distant goal or workplace, and also important are, that on our way the modern transport also minimizes congestion and hazards, which could result in a bad mood. All this definitely affects the individual's alertness and will to work throughout the working process. After completing a busy workday, each individual wants an early return back to the loved ones to make a good use of the rest of the precious free time. Everything is at first sight very good; because of course we are pleased that we have built a modern road infrastructure, so that greater distances can be overcome in a shorter time. However, sometimes a bad mood appears when we find ourselves in a crowd, either because of some minor maintenance and rehabilitation of larger - building activities in these modern multi-lane traffic roads. At that time we often get frustrated and angry because of the inability of road companies and dealers in each country, who are responsible for ensuring that roads are managed, by not ensuring a smooth flow of traffic. We should be aware that as users of the roads, we use all these roads and at the same time we also harm the environment, next to that, the nature gives its share with all its changes in climatic conditions and seasons, an additional effect that ravages these roads. Maintenance, rehabilitation and reconstruction of highways are therefore necessary, and they cannot be avoided. Companies with a concession for the management of the roads ensure themselves substantial financial resources for the necessary rehabilitation and maintenance of the roads most easily through the collection of tolls. Processes of tolling went through various systems in which a mayor shift happened in the history of the technology. Thus, we can mention that we soon after the initial physical toll collection at toll stations switched to the new modern designs of electronic road toll systems that we also use today, and which differs from country to country. There is also the vignette system of flat-rate tolls, which is currently being used in Slovenia. It is one of the simpler systems, which requires significantly less financial inputs associated with the purchase of specific information technology. Our future is based on the establishment of a fairer system based on the use of satellite navigation technology. So in the future we will have to adapt all of the existing electronic toll systems to the Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council (Directive 2004/52/EC ) that we could then later introduce new satellite toll system without any major problems and as easy as possible. In the meantime, it is necessary to closely examine and analyze all significant weaknesses in this system to provide adequate and timely solutions to make it possible to address these shortcomings. Based on these solutions, we will need to develop appropriate responses to the questions regarding the sceptical views on the use of their prospective users.
Secondary keywords:	Toll;modern toll systems;electronic toll collection;a satellite tolling;tolling systems;examples;analysis of strengths and weaknesses.;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS):	Final seminar paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Ekonomsko-poslovna fak.
Pages:	37 str.
ID:	8727939