Kdaj odpadek ni odpadek?

diplomsko delo

Patricija Majhen (Author), Rajko Knez (Mentor)

Abstract

V diplomski nalogi se ukvarjam z opredelitvijo pojma odpadek. Ker ima zaradi vedno večjega števila odpadkov v sklopu pravnega področja varstva okolja ureditev postopkov ravnanja z odpadki zelo veliko vlogo, je torej za pravilno izvajanje teh postopkov nujno, da vemo kaj odpadek sploh je. V tej zvezi pa se pojavi tudi vprašanje kdaj se določeno blago še šteje kot blago – kot stranski proizvod in kdaj le-to postane odpadek, prav tako pa kdaj blagu status odpadka preneha. Skozi analizo nacionalne in zakonodaje EU sem ugotovila, da nacionalna zakonodaja definicij omenjenih pojmov ne podaja, medtem, ko nam okoljska zakonodaja EU s pomočjo sodne prakse te definicije nudi. Odpadek je tako opredeljen s pomočjo opiranja na pojem 'zavržek', ki vključuje tako predelavo kot odstranjevanje odpadkov in pomeni vsako snov ali predmet, ki jo njen imetnik zavrže, namerava ali mora zavreči. Stranski proizvod pomeni snov ali predmet, ki nastane pri proizvodnem procesu, katerega glavni namen ni proizvodnja tega procesa (t.i. ostanek proizvodnje), katere nadaljnja uporaba je zagotovljena, se lahko neposredno uporabi brez kakršne koli nadaljnje obdelave ter je proizvedena kot sestavni del nekega proizvodnega procesa, hkrati pa mora biti njena nadaljnja uporaba zakonita. Če vsi ti pogoji niso kumulativno izpolnjeni, se torej taka snov ali predmet šteje kot odpadek. Kot zadnje pa torej odpadek lahko tudi preneha biti odpadek, v primeru, ko izpolnjuje merila, ki so določena s posebnim predpisom, na podlagi pogojev, da se določena snov ali predmet običajno uporablja za določene namene, za njo obstaja trg in povpraševanje, izpolnjuje tehnične zahteve in določene standarde ter njena uporaba ne bo povzročila splošnega škodljivega vpliva na okolje in zdravje ljudi. Čeprav nacionalna zakonodaja ureja postopke ravnanja z odpadki, je torej za njihovo pravilno izvajanje potrebno poznati evropsko zakonodajo v zvezi z opredelitvijo omenjenih pojmov.

Keywords

varstvo okolja;ekologija;odpadki;pravo okolja;diplomska dela;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2013
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM PF - Faculty of Law
Publisher:	[P. Majhen]
UDC:	349.6(043.2)
COBISS:	4593451
Views:	1767
Downloads:	214
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	DEFINITION OF WASTE
Secondary abstract:	In my paper, I was trying to establish what is the correct concept od waste. The number of waste is increasing, therefore, waste managment presents an important part in environmental law. In order to provide the right enforcement of this provisions, we need to know what is the meaning of waste. Relative to this meaning is also important to clarify, when a certain substance can be defined as a by-product instead of waste, and when waste cease to be waste. With the analysis of national and european law, I found out, that the definitions of this concepts are not assured with national law, therefore, one can find their precise meaning in provisions of european enviromental law, based od case law. The scope of the term waste thus turns on the meaning of the term 'discard', which covers both disposal and recovery, and is defined as any substance or object which the holder discards or intends or is required to discard. By-product is a substance resulting from a production process, the primary aim of which is not the production of that substance (so-called production residue), when it's further use is certain, it can be used directly without any further process, it is produced as an integral part of a production process, and it's further use is lawful. If these condicions are comulatively completed, then the production residue can be treated as a by-product and not as waste. Lastly, waste can also cease to be waste with specific criteria to be developed in accordance with the conditions, that the substance or object is commonly used for specific purposes, a market or demand exsist for it, it fulfils the technical reqiurements and standards that are needed and it's use will not lead to overall adverse environmental or human health impacts. Therefore, even though the national law determines the measures of waste managment, it is necessarily for us to know the european law, that determines aforementioned concepts in order to assure proper enforcment of these measures.
Secondary keywords:	protection of the environment;waste managment;waste;by-product;cease to be waste;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Pravna fak.
Pages:	29 f.
ID:	8728220