Organiziranje in vodenje policijskih enot na množičnih protestih

diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študija

Boštjan Hribernik (Author), Branko Lobnikar (Mentor), Maja Jere (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Da lahko razumemo, kako ljudje delujejo v množici, moramo najprej začeti raziskovati samo psihologijo delovanja množic; spoznati, kaj sploh množica ljudi je, kakšne vrste množic poznamo in kakšen družbeni vpliv imajo na posameznike. Po stopnji konstruktivnosti lahko množice razdelimo na družbeno konstruktivne in družbeno destruktivne množice (Umek, 2013). Na podlagi razumevanja lahko sestavimo varnostno oceno javnega zbiranja, s katero lahko predvidevamo naravo javnega zbiranja, značilnosti kraja, čas, število ljudi itd. Na podlagi varnostne ocene aktiviramo potrebne enote — posebno policijsko enoto, vodnike službenih psov, policiste konjenike, letalsko enoto ipd. Posebna policijska enota je ključna policijska enota vsakega javnega zbiranja, na katerem je mogoče pričakovati težje kršitve javnega reda in miru. S svojo usposobljenostjo, številčnostjo, opremljenostjo in učinkovitostjo je nepogrešljiva. Ker je njeno delovanje specifično, smo preučili, kakšno je njeno ukrepanje v množici, s kakšno opremo razpolaga in kakšen vpliv ima zgodnja vzpostavitev dialoga med množico in policijo. Ker vsaka enota potrebuje svojega vodjo, smo ugotovili, kakšne lastnosti mora imeti ta vodja in kakšno tehniko in taktiko vodenja mora uporabiti, da bo delovanje enote najuspešnejše. Pomembno je, da se vodja identificira z organizacijo, pridobi zaupanje, je osebno odgovoren in skrbi za motivacijo zaposlenih (Vršec, 1993). Sledila je preučitev temeljnih pooblastil in taktik posameznih enot na terenu. Podrobneje smo pregledali prisilna sredstva, posebej namenjena za uporabo proti množici — vodni curek, konjenica, posebna motorna vozila, plinska sredstva ter druga sredstva za pasivizacijo. Pregledali smo postopke za vzdrževanje javnega reda — uporaba kordona, "klina" ter postopke pri vzpostavljanju javnega reda. Našo taktiko in sredstva smo primerjali s taktiko enot v Veliki Britaniji in ugotovili, da imamo podobno osnovno taktiko delovanja, razlike pa smo našli pri drugačnem, še bolj dovršenem pristopu s strani enot v Veliki Britaniji. Prav tako smo analizirali proteste, ki so se odvili v Sloveniji v letu 2012, ter opravili sekundarno analizo intervjuja z vodjo Splošnega sektorja policije na Generalni policijski upravi in ugotovili, da je policija na protestih delovala strokovno, učinkovito in etično.

Keywords

policija;policijsko delo;policijske enote;posebne policijske enote;organizacija;vodenje;protesti;množični protesti;javni red in mir;diplomske naloge;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2014
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM FVV - Faculty of Criminal Justice
Publisher:	B. Hribernik]
UDC:	351.741(043.2)
COBISS:	2813162
Views:	2202
Downloads:	353
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary abstract:	To be able to understand how people react in crowd we first have to start researching crowd psychology. We have to know what crowd even is, what kind of crowds do we know and what kind of social effect does crowd have on individual. Regarding to stage of constructiveness we can divide crowds on socially constructive and socially destructive crowds (Umek, 2013). When we understand that we can make a risk assessment of a public protest. With risk assessment we can predict a nature of a protest, characteristic of an environment where protest will take place, number of people that will gather and so on. After that we activate necessary police units - special riot police unit, police dogs, mounted police, air support and so on. Special riot police unit is a key unit on every single mass protest where we can expect disturbance of a public order. Before mentioned unit is highly qualified, numerical, equipped and effective so it is an indispensable unit on such occasions. Because this unit works specifically we studied what tactics they use, what kind of equipment they have and what influence early established dialogue between crowd and police has. Because every single unit needs their leader we found out what characteristics are required from the leader and what technique and tactics he requires to use that unit would be most effective. It is important that leader identify himself with organization, gain trust, that he is personally responsible and that he concerns about motivation of his employee (Vršec, 1993). After that we studied basic police powers and tactics of individual units on the field. We fully examined police powers that can specially be used against crowd - jet of water, cavalry, special motor vehicles, gas means and other means that can be used. We examined procedures to maintain public order - use of cordon, ''wedge'' and procedures to restore public order. We compared our tactics and means with tactics of the units in Great Britain and found out that our basic tactics are similar, we only found differences in even more perfective approach of the units from Great Britain. We analysed protests that occured in Slovenia in 2012 and we did a secondary analysis of a interview of commander of a General department on General police administration and we found out that police worked professionally, effectively and ethically on these protests.
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za varnostne vede, Ljubljana
Pages:	46 str.
ID:	8729311