diplomsko delo
Nives Pavlič (Author), Aleš Ferčič (Mentor)

Abstract

Konvencija Združenih narodov o pogodbah za mednarodno prodajo blaga je z 81 državami članicami vodilna konvencija na področju mednarodne prodaje blaga. Vendar pa je tehnološki razvoj začasa njenega obstoja močno napredoval, in postavlja se vprašanje širine njene uporabe. Prodaja programske opreme je le ena izmed kočljivih tem na tem področju. Začasa nastajanja konvencije uporaba programske opreme še ni bila splošno razširjena, dandanes pa si življenja brez nje ne znamo več predstavljati. Žal pa je še vedno sporno, ali se Dunajska konvencija uporablja za tovrstne pogodbe. Ker je sklepanje pogodb o prodaji programske opreme tako številčno, je nedopustno, da ni poenotenega stališča o uporabnem pravu. Zagovorniki stališča, da se konvencija ne more uporabiti za programsko opremo, trdijo, da ta sploh ne ustreza pojmu blaga skladno s konvencijo, saj je neoprijemljiva; vidijo tudi težave v zvezi z izročitvijo v posest. Menijo tudi, da programska oprema ne more biti prodana, pač pa licencirana, ter da Dunajska konvencija ne pokriva tovrstnih pravnih razmerij. Še posebej se jim zdi problematična prodaja programske opreme, izdelane po naročilu, saj naj bi izdelava le-te predstavljala storitev. Skozi raziskavo sem spoznala, da za priznanje statusa blaga programski opremi ni pravnih ali dejanskih ovir. Tudi izročitev programske opreme ne predstavlja problema, saj brez težav prenesemo posest nad izvodom programske opreme, pri čemer lahko kupec izključi od uporabe vse ostale subjekte. Ponavadi se tudi ne pokaže kot problematična izdelava programa po naročilu, saj je skladno z določili konvencije storitev izdelave irelevantna pri določanju narave pogodbe. Dejstvo, da sta stranki imenovali razmerje za licenčno, ne določa njene narave. Kadar bo prišlo do prenosa lastninske pravice na izvodu, bo kljub obstoju pravic intelektualne lastnine nad programom šlo za prodajno pogodbo. Konvencija se bo tudi uporabila kadar bo sicer licenčno razmerje imelo očitne znake prodajne pogodbe.

Keywords

Konvencija ZN o pogodbah za mednarodno prodajo blaga;programska oprema;blago;prodajna pogodba;pravice intelektualne lastnine;licenca;diplomska dela;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UM PF - Faculty of Law
Publisher: [N. Pavlič]
UDC: 366.53(100)(043.2)
COBISS: 4795435 Link will open in a new window
Views: 1188
Downloads: 113
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Software and UN Convention on Contracts for the Internatiolan Sale of Goods
Secondary abstract: With 81 member states, the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods is the leading convention for international sale of goods. However, there are issues about the scope of its application due to an extremly high tehnological development in past years. A sale of software is just one of the delicate subjects in this field. At the time of the drafting of the Convention a use of software was not as broad as today when we cannot imagine everyday life without it. Unfortunately, it is still disputed whether the Vienna Convention should be used for this kind of contracts. Due to such a high noumber of software sales contracts, it is inadmissible there is no consensus on the applicable law. Those who believe that the Convention cannot be used fo software contracts claim that software does not conform to the notion of goods in the sense of the Convention due to its intangibility; they also see problems related to handing over of the possesion. In their view, software cannot be sold, but only licensed, and this kind of contracts are not governed by the Convention. Especially problematic seems a sale of tailor-made software, since according to their belief, the making of it means service. During the reserch I have found there is no legal or non-legal obstacle against determining software as goods. Even handing over of the software does not represent a problem, since it is easy to transmit the possession over the copy, and so the buyer is able to exlude all others from using it. Usually there are no issues regarding custom-made software, as the question of development service is irrelevant when determining the nature of the contract. Sole fact that parties named their contract »licensing agreement« does also not preclude its nature. When there is a transfer of property in the copy, the contract is a sales contract in spite of intellectual property rights. The Convention will also be applicable when a licensing agreement shows obvious signs of a sale.
Secondary keywords: UN Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods;software;goods;sales contract;intellectual property rights;license.;
URN: URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment: Univ. v Mariboru, Pravna fak.
Pages: VII, 38 f.
ID: 8730265