Mednarodna odgovornost držav in organizacij

diplomsko delo

Bojana Blazhevska (Author), Matjaž Tratnik (Mentor)

Abstract

Mednarodno pravo je pomemben del strukture naše mednarodne družbe. Svojo pomembnost dolguje učinkovitosti ter sposobnosti se odzivati na spremembe. Z diplomskim delom smo prišli do zaključka, da je bila KMP tista, katera se je med prvimi začela zavzemati za razvoj mednarodnega prava in njegovo kodifikacijo. V diplomskem delu smo zajeli tudi pojem oziroma temo mednarodne odgovornosti ter smo ob tem ugotovili, da države niso edini subjekti mednarodnega prava, čeprav so primarni subjekti. Države imajo, kot primarni subjekti najobsežnejši rang pravic, vendar ne smemo pozabiti, da pravice pomenijo tudi odgovornost. Zraven držav so naštete še MO, posamezniki ter drugi subjekti, kateri za razliko od držav svoje pravice pridobivajo preko določenih inštitutov, izvedeno. Kot je navedeno v diplomskem delu obstajata dva osnovna načina pripisovanja ravnanja državi. Po prvem načinu se odgovornost pripiše na podlagi institucionalne povezave in velja za ravnanje osebe, skupine oseb ter se razširja na ravnanje oseb, ki formalnopravno niso organi, vendar izvršujejo državna pooblastila. Razlog za to obravnavo se opira na stališče, da država mora nadzorovati svoje organe, ker je njihova samostojnost le navidezna. Drugi način temelji na nadzoru ali vplivu, ki ga država vrši in se dejanski nadzor mora dokazovati za vsako ravnanje individualno. Če pogledamo v istem poglavju bomo ugotovili, da za MO veljajo precej drugačna pravila. Da bi lahko pripisali odgovornost MO mora biti sporno ravnanje izvedeno s strani njenega agenta, organa ter mora biti povezano z izvrševanjem uradnih funkcij. Ob koncu diplomskega dela lahko zaključimo, da se pravice držav in MO, čeprav so podobne, precej razlikujejo in to predvsem zaradi načina pridobitev pravic. Države svoje pravice pridobijo originarno in kot take imajo večji rang pravic, dokler MO svoje pravice pridobivajo derivativno preko inštrumentov prava. Posledica manjšega ranga pravic je manjši obseg odgovornosti, ki sledi MO-am, kjer za države kot primarne subjekte velja nasprotno in imajo s tem znatno večji obseg odgovornosti.

Keywords

mednarodno pravo;Komisija za mednarodno pravo;Generalna skupščina;kodifikacija;mednarodna odgovornost;države;mednarodne organizacije;pripisljivost;diplomska dela;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2015
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM PF - Faculty of Law
Publisher:	[B. Blazhevska]
UDC:	341.225.5(043.2)
COBISS:	5054507
Views:	1282
Downloads:	180
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	INTERNATIONAL LIABILITY OF STATES AND ORGANIZATIONS
Secondary abstract:	International law is very important part of our global society because of its efficiency. With the diploma work, we came to the conclusion that International law commission (ILC) was among the first organs to take interest in development of international law and its codification. In this diploma work we also mentioned topic international responsibility and conclude that the states are primary subject of international law but they are not the only ones. States have broader scope of rights that other subjects but we can't forget that more rights means more obligations. Beside states we also mentioned other subjects of international law, like international organizations (IO), individuals and other subject which don't have the primary part like the states, but they have to gain rights through certain legal instruments. Logical question that follows international responsibility is, when can we attribute certain conduct, as the conduct of the international subject that is involved. There are two basic principles to attribute certain act as conduct of the state. The first principle is based on institutional link , which applies for individuals, group of individuals and also for persons that are not organs per se but they are exercising state power. The second principle is based on control or influence that the state have. For IO different rules are applied. For some conduct to be attributable as act of IO, the conduct has to be exercised by its agent, organ or it has to be connected with exercising official functions. It can happen that more than one subjects are responsible for the same act and that applies for states and IO. At the end of the diploma work we came to the conclusion that, rights of the states and rights of the IO are similar but at the same quite different. States get their rights by the international law itself, where IO have to gain their rights through legal instruments. We mustn't forget that smaller is the scope of rights, the smaller are obligations that come from it and that is the case with IO. States have broader scope of rights, because of their role as the primary subject of international law and therefore their responsibilities are much broader.
Secondary keywords:	International law;International law commission;General Assembly;codification;international responsibility;states;international organizations;attribution;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Pravna fak.
Pages:	26 f.
ID:	8889476