doktorska disertacija
Andreja Repe (Author), Maja Jurc (Mentor)

Abstract

Ofiostomatoidne glive najpogosteje uvrščamo v družino Ophiostomataceae, deblo Ascomycota, in jih najpogosteje izoliramo iz podlubnikov ali njihovih rovnih sistemov v lesnatih rastlinah. Nekatere med njimi lahko skupaj s podlubniki povzročajo močnejše odmiranje navadne smreke (Picea abies). Cilj naloge je bil preučiti glivno združbo v povezavi s tremi smrekovimi podlubniki (Ips typographus, Ips amitinus in Pityogenes chalcographus) ter z inokulacijami v gostiteljsko drevo ugotoviti patogenost ofiostomatoidnih gliv in oceniti njihovo zmožnost povzročiti odmiranje gostiteljskih dreves. Podlubnike smo vzorčili v štirih fitogeografskih regijah Slovenije v letih 2008- 2010. Njihove asociacijske glive smo določili morfološko, določitve smo potrdili s primerjavami zaporedij DNA in nato opravili filogenetsko analizo najdenih taksonov. Odkrili smo 13 različnih taksonov. Najpogosteje smo našli vrste: Ophiostoma bicolor, Ophiostoma brunneo-ciliatum, Grosmannia piceiperda, Ophiostoma ainoae, Ceratocystiopsis minuta in Grosmannia penicillata. Vrstna sestava gliv se je med podlubniki razlikovala, ni pa se razlikovala v različnih fitogeografskih regijah. Leta 2010 smo med majem in oktobrom izvedli umetne inokulacije navadne smreke, in sicer odraslih dreves (na raziskovalni ploskvi Litija) in sadik (v zaprtih, nadzorovanih pogojih). Spremljali smo različne dejavnike: tok smole, velikosti nekroz ter obarvanost in osušenost beljave. Vrsta Ceratocystis polonica je povzročila obarvanje beljave, velike nekroze ter odmrtje nekaj odraslih dreves in sadik. Ugotovili smo fitopatogenost gliv C. polonica, Leptographium sp.-1 in O. ainoae, ki so povzročile obarvanje beljave sadik. V posamičnih inokulacijah je vrsta G. piceiperda povzročila velike nekroze in je imela višje vrednosti za vse raziskovane značilnosti. Ofiostomatoidne glive stimulirajo obrambne mehanizme gostiteljskih dreves. Posledično se drevesa izčrpavajo in slabijo, zato lahko vektorji ofiostomatoidnih gliv, podlubniki, lažje kolonizirajo drevesa.

Keywords

Picea abies;navadna smreka;ofiostomatoidne glive;podlubniki;inokulacije;varstvo gozdov;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Source: Ljubljana
Typology: 2.08 - Doctoral Dissertation
Organization: UL BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publisher: [A. Repe]
UDC: 630*4:630*1(497.4)(043.3)=163.6
COBISS: 821367 Link will open in a new window
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Fungal associates of spruce bark beetles (Curculionidae: Scolytinae) with an emphasis on ophiostomatoid fungi
Secondary abstract: Ophiostomatoid fungi are group represented by several genera, family Ophiostomataceae, Ascomycota, and are most frequently isolated from bark beetles or their galleries in woody plants. Some of them can together with bark beetles affect the health and economic value of Norway spruce trees (Picea abies). Aim of this dissertation was to study the assemblages of ophiostomatoid fungi associated with three bark beetle species (Ips typographus, Ips amitinus, and Pityogenes chalcographus) that infect P. abies in Slovenia and to establish the pathogenicity of ophiostomatoid fungi in inoculations and to assess the ability of ophiostomatoid fungi to cause death of host trees. Bark beetles were sampled in four phytogeographic regions in Slovenia between 2008 and 2010. The fungi found on the bark beetles were identified based on morphology, DNA sequence comparisons of ITS regions and phylogenetic analysis. 13 different species were found. The most commonly found were Ophiostoma bicolor, Ophiostoma brunneo-ciliatum, Grosmannia piceiperda, Ophiostoma ainoae, Ceratocystiopsis minuta, and Grosmannia penicillata. The composition of the fungal associates differed among the bark beetle species, but not among the phytogeographic regions. Between May and October in 2010 artificial inoculation of mature (Litija research plot) and seedling (indoors, under controlled conditions) Norway spruce trees with various ophiostomatoid fungi were performed. Following factors were monitored: the resin outflow, the size of necrosis, discoloration and desiccation of sapwood. C. polonica caused blue stain, induced large lesions and killed some of the mature trees and seedlings. Only C. polonica, Leptographium sp.-1 and O. ainoae caused blue stain in the sapwood of inoculated seedlings. In low density inoculations, G. piceiperda induced intense necrosis and had higher values for all the features monitored. Fungi with the capacity to stimulate host%s defence mechanisms can consequently cause their premature death could play a role in bark beetles population establishment.
Secondary keywords: Picea abies;Norway spruce trees;ohiostomatoid fungi;bark beetles;inoculations;forest protection;
URN: URN:NBN:SI
Type (COBISS): Dissertation
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fak.
Pages: X f., 122 str.
ID: 8905481