Analiza ostankov plastike v komercialnem kompostu

diplomsko delo

Tamara Gajšt (Author), Andrej Kržan (Mentor)

Abstract

V diplomskem delu smo želeli dobiti prvo oceno količine in vrste ostankov plastičnih delcev v industrijskem kompostu štirih slovenskih kompostarn ter glede na uporabo komposta oceniti verjetnost, da delci predstavljajo potencialni vir mikroplastike v vodnem okolju. Analiza je zajemala vizualni pregled dveh podvzorcev iz vsake kompostarne z uporabo stereomikroskopa. Osredotočili smo se na delce mikroplastike. Vsak plastični delec smo uvrstili v eno izmed treh podskupin (mehka in trda plastika, vlakna ter delci večji od petih milimetrov) in pridobili podatke o masi, velikosti, površini, barvi ter kemijski sestavi delcev. Ugotovili smo, da industrijski kompost v povprečju vsebuje 0.12 ut. % plastičnih delcev (1.2 mg delcev na gram komposta). V povprečju so vlakna predstavljala 76 % vseh delcev mikroplastike. Večina delcev trde in mehke plastike je bila iz polietilena, velik delež vlaken pa iz polipropilena. Delci trde in mehke plastike so bili v povprečju veliki dva milimetra in najpogosteje prozorne ali bele barve. Predvidevamo, da je večina delcev trde in mehke plastike v kompostu posledica nepravilnega odlaganja biološko razgradljivih kuhinjskih odpadkov medtem ko vir vlaken lahko predstavlja blato iz komunalnih čistilnih naprav in usedanje vlaken iz onesnaženega zraka. Plastični delci se lahko z vnosom komposta na različne površine prenašajo z vodo in vetrom. Industrijski kompost predstavlja potencialni kopenski vir onesnaženja vodnega okolja s plastiko.

Keywords

kompost;kompostiranje;biološki odpadki;mikroplastika;onesnaževanje;diplomske naloge;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2016
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UNG FZO - Faculty of Environmental Sciences
Publisher:	[T. Gajšt]
UDC:	628.4
COBISS:	4115963
Views:	5789
Downloads:	335
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Analysis of plastic residue in commercial compost
Secondary abstract:	The aim of this Bachelor thesis was to get a first estimation of the amount and types of residual plastic particles in an industrial compost of four Slovenian compost producers and with regards to the use of such compost, to assess the likelihood that the particles represent a potential source of microplastic in the marine environment. We conducted a visual examination of two sub-samples from each compost producer using a stereomicroscope. We focused on microplastic particles. We arranged the particles into corresponding categories (soft and hard plastic, fibres and particles bigger than 5 millimetres) and acquired information about the mass, size, surface area, colour and chemical composition of the particles. On average, the industrial compost contained 0.12 wt. % of plastic particles (1.2 mg of particles per gram of compost). 76 % of all microplastic particles were fibres. The majority of hard and soft plastic particles were made from polyethylene while a large proportion of fibres were made from polypropylene. The average size of hard and soft plastic particles was two millimetres and most often transparent or white. We anticipate that the presence of the majority of the plastic particles is due to improper disposal of biodegradable kitchen waste while the fibres could originate from sludge from sewage treatment plants and the atmospheric fallout. Plastic particles are easily transported by water and wind from the surface areas where the compost is used. The commercial compost represents one of the potential terrestrial sources of plastic pollution in the aquatic environment.
Secondary keywords:	compost;composting;biological waste;microplastic;pollution;
URN:	URN:SI:UNG
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Novi Gorici, Fak. za znanosti o okolju
Pages:	XII, 49 str., [26] str. pril.
ID:	9120167