doktorska disertacija
Robert Celec (Author), Vito Bobek (Mentor)

Abstract

Glede na to, da so mala in srednja podjetja (MSP) pomembna v naši ekonomiji in se obenem globalizacija trgov krepi, so dejavniki uspeha izvoznih aktivnosti MSP mikro- in makroekonomskega interesa. To še posebej velja za majhne države z majhnim notranjimi trgom in visokim deležem MSP. S tem je glavni cilj študije raziskati notranja sredstva in zmogljivost MSP, ki jim pomagajo uspeti pri izvoznih aktivnostih. Z zbiranjem podatkov, zbranih iz 102 MSP iz Slovenije, smo prispevali k raziskovanju teme v kontekstu majhne države Evropske unije. Hipoteze so bile testirane s podatki, zbranimi iz 102 MSP različnih industrijskih sektorjev. Uporabila se je metoda linearnih strukturnih enačb – modeliranje poti delnih najmanjših kvadratov. Razširjen je bil vidik glede izvoznih sposobnosti, ki temelji na spoznanjih na virih osnovane teorije podjetij. Integriran je bil vidik dinamične sposobnosti in nujnosti podjetij, da imajo prava sredstva in primerne navade za izvoz, ter tudi sposobnost preoblikovati in spremeniti lastna sredstva in navade v primerih raziskovanja in izkoriščanja priložnosti na tujih trgih. Preverjali smo vlogo podjetniške orientacije v primerih že uveljavljenih podjetij. To je še posebej pomembno, ker se večina raziskav na področju mednarodnega podjetništva posveča novonastalim mednarodnim podjetjem. Z izvoznimi aktivnostmi lahko pričnejo tudi uveljavljena podjetja z obstoječimi sredstvi in vpeljano organizacijsko strukturo ter so tako soočena delovati z različnim izhodiščem na področju virov in sposobnosti. V tem smislu smo raziskovali tudi moderatorski efekt podjetniške orientacije MSP v kontekstu internacionalizacije. Dosedanje raziskave so nakazovale potrebo po integrativni povezavi virov/sposobnosti in podjetniške orientacije, vendar do sedaj ni bila izvedena nobena študija, ki bi ta pristop dejansko realizirala. Zato smo konceptualno povezali literaturo na virih osnovane teorije podjetij in podjetniške orientacije z namenom pojasnitve medsebojnega vpliva med viri, podjetniško orientacijo in izvoznim učinkom. Ta raziskava omogoča teoretično argumentacijo in empirične rezultate glede pomembnosti virov in sposobnosti, na katere se morajo osredotočiti uveljavljena MSP, če želijo biti uspešna pri izvoznih aktivnostih. Poleg tega rezultati glede vpliva podjetniške orientacije podjetij kažejo na protisloven učinek te miselnost na izvozne sposobnosti: nekateri viri in sposobnosti potrebujejo podjetniški okvir, da se sploh lahko zgodijo, medtem ko se pozitiven učinek drugih prilagaja z naraščajočo podjetniško orientacijo. Rezultati dokazujejo, da človeški viri, neoprijemljivi viri in podjetniška orientacija pozitivno vplivajo na izvozne sposobnosti MSP, medtem ko se pozitiven vpliv izkušenj menedžmenta, tržna naravnanost, inovacijska sposobnost in fleksibilnost pokaže kot signifikanten le pri visoki podjetniški orientaciji. Obravnavani so nadaljnji rezultati in implikacije.

Keywords

podjetništvo;majhna podjetja;srednja podjetja;internacionalizacija;zunanja trgovina;uspešnost poslovanja;indikatorji;modeli;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.08 - Doctoral Dissertation
Organization: UM EPF - Faculty of Economics and Business
Publisher: R. Celec]
UDC: 339.564:005(043.3)
COBISS: 12542492 Link will open in a new window
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Success factors of internationalization of small and medium enterprises considering entrepreneurial orientation
Secondary abstract: Since on one hand small and medium enterprises (SMEs) play a significant role in our economy and on the other hand the globalization of markets still continues, the success factors of SME’s export activities are of micro- and macroeconomic interest. This is especially true for smaller countries with small domestic markets and a high proportion of SMEs. By this, the general purpose of the study is to investigate internal resources and capabilities of SMEs, which help them to succeed in export activities. By collecting data from 102 Slovenian SMEs we further contributed to explore this subject in the context of a small EU country. Hypotheses were tested with cross-industry data collected from 102 Slovenian SMEs by using structural equation modelling-Partial Least Squares method. Based on the insights from resource-based view (RBV) driven research of export performance, this perspective was expanded. We integrated the dynamic capability view and highlighted the necessity of the firm not only to have the right assets and routines for export in place, but also to have the ability to reconfigure and change its existing assets and routines when it comes to exploring and exploiting foreign market opportunities. We investigated the role of Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) in the context of established SMEs. This is especially noteworthy since most studies in the field of International Entrepreneurship apply data from start-ups and international new ventures. However, also existing firms with their existing assets and historical organizational structures may start export activities and thereby face a different resource and capability base. In this sense, we investigated also the moderating role of SME’s Entrepreneurial Orientation in the context of internationalization. Although prior research suggests to elaborate resources/capabilities and EO in an integrative manner, no study investigated this contingency approach so far. We therefore conceptually linked RBV and entrepreneurship literature to explain the interplay between resources/capabilities, EO and performance. Thus this research provides theoretical reasoning and empirical results about the importance of resources and capabilities which in export activities established SMEs have to focus on in order to be successful in export. Furthermore, the results about the influence of the firm’s EO show an ambivalent impact of this firm-level mindset on export performance: some resources/capabilities need an entrepreneurial context to occur at all, while the positive effect of others converts with increasing EO. Results support that human resources, intangible resources, and EO positively affect SMEs' export performance, while the positive effect of the firm's capabilities market orientation, innovation capability, flexibility and management experience only pointed out to be significant in the face of high EO. Further results and implications are discussed.
Secondary keywords: entrepreneurship;small enterprises;medium-sized enterprises;internationalization;foreign trade;business efficiency;indicators;models;
URN: URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS): Dissertation
Thesis comment: Univ. v Mariboru, Ekonomsko-poslovna fak.
Pages: XII, 137 str.
ID: 9122738