Osveščenost ljudi o preprečevanju mišje mrzlice

(diplomsko delo)

Maja Razboršek (Author), Maja Strauss (Mentor), Mateja Lorber (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Hantavirusi so razširjeni po vsem svetu. So skupina bolezni, ki povzročajo mišjo mrzlico. V Evropi in Aziji se srečujemo z mišjo mrzlico z renalnim sindromom, v Ameriki pa z mišjo mrzlico s pljučnim sindromom. Bolezen prenašajo glodavci, kot so miši, podgane in voluharice. Zbolijo lahko odrasli in otroci, ki pridejo v stik z okuženim glodavcem. Namen diplomskega dela je predstaviti osveščenost ljudi o mišji mrzlici in preprečevanje mišje mrzlice. V raziskovalnem delu smo uporabili kvantitativno metodo dela, uporabili smo anketni vprašalnik. V raziskavi so sodelovali naključno izbrani ljudje iz Maribora in okolice. Dobljene podatke smo pregledali in analizirali. V raziskavi, ki smo jo izvedli, smo ugotovili, da anketirani poznajo bolezen oz. so že slišali zanjo, poznajo najpogostejše simptome, kot so glavobol, vročina, mrzlica, bruhanje in slabost. Prepoznali so dejavnike tveganja za okužbo in ukrepe za preprečevanje bolezni kakor tudi, da so vdihovanje iztrebkov, pospravljanje kleti, garaž, hlevov, delo na travnikih in ugriz glodavca dejavniki tveganja za okužbo. Prav tako poznajo ukrepe za preprečevanje, saj bi za čiščenje prostorov uporabili zaščitna sredstva, kot so maske in rokavice. Anketirani vedo, da je treba hrano shranjevati tako, da je glodavcem onemogočen dostop, in poznajo deratizacijo kot ukrep preprečevanja. Iz narejenih raziskave in pregledane literature smo ugotovili, da za mišjo mrzlico pogosteje zbolijo mlajši moški in redkeje otroci. Ljudje se okužijo z vdihovanjem iztrebkov glodavcev, do okužbe lahko pride tudi, če pridemo v stik z urinom, iztrebki ali njihovimi gnezdi, nato pa se z umazanimi rokami dotaknemo oči, ust in/ali nosu. Bolezen lahko preprečimo z upoštevanjem navodil in izvajanjem ukrepov za preprečevanje mišje mrzlice. Pri tem je pomembna vloga medicinske sestre, da deluje zdravstvenovzgojno pri ozaveščanju o mišji mrzlici in ukrepih za njeno preprečevanje. Smiselno bi bilo narediti še kakšne obsežnejše raziskave glede ozaveščenosti ljudi o mišji mrzlici, o preprečevanju mišje mrzlice ter o učinkovitosti ukrepov za preprečevanje in učinkovitosti načinov obveščanja ljudi.

Keywords

hantavirusi;hemoragična mrzlica;renalni sindrom;infekcijske bolezni;mišja mrzlica;zdravstvena nega;zdravstvena vzgoja;zoonoze;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2016
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM FZV - Faculty of Health Sciences
Publisher:	[M. Razboršek]
UDC:	616.993(043.2)
COBISS:	2214052
Views:	1586
Downloads:	117
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	PEOPLE'S AWARENESS REGARDING THE PREVENTIVE MEASURES AGAINST HEMORRHAGIC FEVER WITH RENAL SYNDROME
Secondary abstract:	Hantaviruses are present worldwide. In Europe and Asia they are the cause of the hantavirus haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), while in North and South America they cause the hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). These illnesses are transmitted by rodents such as mice, rats and voles. Both adults and children who come into contact with an infected rodent may get infected. The purpose of the thesis is to present the level of awareness among people about the haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and its prevention. In the empirical part, the quantitative method was used, specifically a questionnaire. Randomly selected people from Maribor and its surroundings participated in the study. The gathered data was examined and analysed. In the study conducted, it was found that the respondents were familiar with the illness or had already heard of it, and that they were aware of the most common symptoms such as headache, fever, chills, vomiting and nausea. Furthermore, the respondents identified several risk factors for infection and disease prevention measures, as well as pointed out that the inhalation of faeces, tidying up the cellar, garage or barn, working on the meadows and getting bitten by a rodent were among the risk factors for infection. Apart from that, they are familiar with the prevention measures, as they would use protective equipment such as a mask and gloves when cleaning the premises. The respondents also knew that food must be stored in such a way as to prevent rodents access and that rodent control was an efficient prevention measure. Based on the study results and the reviewed literature, it was found that young men, and rarely children, are more likely to get infected. The infection can occur by inhaling the faeces of rodents, or by coming into contact not only with the urine and faeces but also the nest of the rodents, and then touching our eyes, mouth and/or nose with our dirty hands. The disease can be prevented by following the instructions and implementing the prevention measures for haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Here, nurses play an important role as using health education principles they help raise the awareness about the haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and its prevention measures. It would be reasonable to conduct more extensive research on the awareness about the haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, its prevention and the effectiveness of the prevention measures, as well as the effectiveness of the methods used to inform the people thereof.
Secondary keywords:	hantaviruses;haemorrhagic fever;renal syndrome;infectious diseases;medical care;health education;zoonosis;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za zdravstvene vede
Pages:	IV, 47 str., 5 str. pril.
ID:	9140267