diplomsko delo
Blaž Mlinšek (Author), Iztok Tomažič (Mentor)

Abstract

Narava, ki nas obdaja, je lahko naša najboljša in najbližja učiteljica. Teoretična izhodišča izkustvenega učenja so eden izmed poglavitnih delov diplomskega dela, saj si posameznik s takim načinom učenja največ zapomni in je tako pridobljeno znanje trajnejše. Vsak učitelj ima možnost, da pri pouku učencem popestri uro z uporabo živih organizmov. Najlažje dostopni so avtohtoni organizmi, ki jih lahko naberemo v naravi brez posebnih dovoljenje. Ne samo živi organizmi, temveč učinkovita izvedba pouka bo učence pripeljala do želenega znanja in oblikovanja pozitivnih stališč do avtohtonih organizmov. Zaradi tega smo, predvsem za učitelje naravoslovja in biologije, preučili vso potrebno zakonodajo glede uporabe živih organizmov pri pouku, opisali izbrane organizme ter predstavili primerne načine oskrbe in gojenja živali na šolah, poiskali vertikalne povezave med posameznimi učnimi vsebinami in pripravili primere učnih priprav, navodil za učitelje ter učnih listov za učence. Po pregledu strokovne literature in učnih gradiv za osnovne šole (učbeniki, delovni zvezki ter priročniki) smo ugotovili, da se v njih pojavljajo predvsem nevretenčarske skupine: žuželke, raki, enoceličarji itd. V skupini vretenčarjev se največkrat pojavita navadna krastača in navadni močerad. Večina publikacij še vedno premalo spodbuja uporabo metod dela z avtohtonimi organizmi pri pouku ter omogočanja neposrednega stika z njimi, saj preveč temelji na teoretičnem in ne na praktičnem znanju. Zakonodaja, ki predpisuje pogoje za zadrževanje živali v ujetništvu, tudi v šolskih ustanovah, je obširna ter premalo specifična (predvsem za nevretenčarske skupine). Na podlagi vsega navedenega smo prišli do zaključka, da lahko učitelj s pomočjo praktičnih primerov ter z uporabo znanja v praksi približa naravoslovje in biologijo učencem.

Keywords

izkustveni pouk;avtohtoni organizmi;zakonodaja;učni načrt;učni listi;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publisher: [B. Mlinšek]
UDC: 59:373.3(043.2)
COBISS: 10998601 Link will open in a new window
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Downloads: 218
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Integration of native animal species in the teaching of biology and science in primary school
Secondary abstract: Nature that surround us can be our best and closest teacher. Theoretical backgrounds of experiential learning are one of the main parts of the thesis, because learning in that way helps an individual person to remember more and that kind of knowledge lasts longer. Every teacher has a chance to make classes more interesting by using live organisms in the classroom. Easily accessible organisms to us are autochthonous organisms, because we don't need any permisions for their use in educational purposes – if we use them properly. Live organisms are not enough, we also need a very good teacher/teaching preparation and properly formatted worksheets which will guide pupils to desired skills regarding the use of indigenous organisms. This was the reason we, mostly for teachers of natural sciences and biology, examined all necessary laws regarding the use of live organisms in classrooms, described individual organisms and presented appropriate methods of growing and taking care of it at schools. We also draft vertical connections between particular learning contents and prepared some examples of teaching preparations, instructions and worksheets for different organisms. After reviewing scientific literature and some other teaching aids (textbooks, workbooks and manuals) we found out the content is mostly about Invertrebate groups: insects, crabs, unicellular organisms etc. In a group of vertebrate animals common toad and fire salamander appeared the most. A lot of monographic publications still doesn't encourage enough the use of methods with autochthonous organisms in classrooms and/or direct contact with this kind of organisms, because lessons are still based on theoretical knowledge instead of practical. Law, prescribing standards of living and taking care of animals/organisms in captivity, including schools, is way too extensive and not specific enough (this specially goes for invertrebate groups). We can conclude that with the right use of practical cases and experiments teacher can help their students to make natural sciences and biology more interesting.
Secondary keywords: primary education;zoology;osnovnošolski pouk;zoologija;
File type: application/pdf
Type (COBISS): Undergraduate thesis
Thesis comment: Univ. Ljubljana, Pedagoška fak., Biotehniška fak., Biologija in gospodinjstvo
Pages: IX, 64 str.
ID: 9142615