diplomska naloga
Franci Pevc (Author), Mojca Šraj (Mentor), Dušan Žagar (Thesis defence commission member), Franci Steinman (Thesis defence commission member)

Abstract

Izračuni nizkih pretokov so bistvenega pomena pri spremljanju vodotokov in zagotavljanju njihove kakovosti, saj so življenjsko okolje za mnoge živali in rastline. Na razpolago je več različnih kazalnikov izračunavanja nizkih pretokov, kot so npr. krivulja trajanja pretokov, deficit vodnega toka, indeks baznega odtoka, petindevetdesetodstotni pretok Q95, srednji letni minimum itd. V ZDA za izračun nizkih pretokov najpogosteje uporabljajo dve metodi, in sicer hidrološko (xQy) in biološko (xBy). Izračun nizkih pretokov po obeh metodah omogoča program DFLOW. Hidrološka metoda je statistična, biološka metoda pa je empirična in temelji neposredno na kriterijih za kakovost vodnega življenja. Kriteriji so izraženi v obliki dveh koncentracij namesto ene, tako da lahko bolj natančno odražajo toksikološka in dejanska stanja vodotoka. Koncentraciji sta CCC, ki določa dovoljeno stalno koncentracijo onesnaževal v vodotoku in CMC, ki določa maksimalno koncentracijo onesnaževal v vodotoku. V diplomski nalogi so narejeni izračuni nizkih pretokov in odstopanj s programom DFLOW za 56 vodomernih postaj po Sloveniji. Za izračunane pretoke 4B3, 7Q10, 1B3 in1Q10 sta bili narejeni analiza ter primerjava z izračunanim Q95. Izkazalo se je, da so izračunani pretoki v programu DFLOW v primerjavi s Q95 bistveno nižji. Za izbranih 15 vodomernih postaj pa je bila narejena še primerjava z ekološko sprejemljivim pretokom po slovenski metodologiji in metodah izbranih evropskih držav. Najmanjše razlike pretokov 4B3, 7Q10, 1B3 in1Q10 smo dobili pri primerjavi s povratnim odvzemom po slovenski metodologiji in avstrijski metodi Q361.

Keywords

gradbeništvo;diplomska naloga;UNI;VKI;nizki pretoki;kazalniki nizkih pretokov;biološka metoda;hidrološka metoda;ekološko sprejemljivi pretok;DFLOW;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL FGG - Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering
Publisher: [F. Pevc]
UDC: 556.167(497.4)(043.2)
COBISS: 7480161 Link will open in a new window
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Downloads: 392
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Low-flow analysis of stream flows in Slovenia using DFLOW software
Secondary abstract: The calculation of low flows is crucial for monitoring streams and ensuring their quality, because they are habitat for many animals and plants. There is a number of different indices for calculation of low flows, such as flow duration curve, streamflow deficit, base flow index, ninety-five percentile flow Q95 mean annual minima etc. In USA most commonly used methods for calculation of low flows are hydrological (xQy) and biological (xBy). Both methods can be implemented with DFLOW software. Hydrological method is statistical, biological one is empirical and uses aquatic life water quality criteria directly for its implementation. Criteria are expressed as two concentrations, instead of one, so that criteria can more exactly reflect toxicological and practical realities. The two concentrations are CCC, which provides the highest concentration of pollutants that could be maintained indefinitely in the stream and CMC, which determines maximum concentration of pollutants in the stream. In graduation thesis calculations of low flows and excursions with DFLOW sofware are conducted for 56 Slovenian gauging stations. For calculated flows 4B3, 7Q10, 1B3 and 1Q10 an analysis and comparison with calculated Q95 were made. It has turned out that the calculated flows with software DFLOW compared to Q95 are significantly lower. For 15 selected gauging stations a comparison with ecologically acceptable flow by the Slovenian methodology and methods of selected European countries was also made. The smallest difference have occurred by comparison of flows 4B3, 7Q10, 1B3 and 1Q10 with the return withdrawal by the Slovenian methodology and Austrain method Q361.
Secondary keywords: graduation thesis;civil engineering;low-flow;low flow indices;biological method;hydrological method;ecological acceptable flow;DFLOW;
File type: application/pdf
Type (COBISS): Undergraduate thesis
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Fak. za gradbeništvo in geodezijo
Pages: XII, 89 str.
ID: 9147365