magistrsko delo
Nataša Prebil (Author), Irena Hočevar-Boltežar (Mentor)

Abstract

Izhodišča. Pri nekaterih poklicih so prisotni dejavniki, zaradi katerih obstaja večja verjetnost nastanka glasovnih težav. Med poklice z veliko glasovno obremenitvijo in hkrati zahtevo po dobri kakovosti glasu spadata tudi poklica pevca in igralca. Namen raziskave je bil ugotoviti, kako pogosto se pojavljajo glasovne težave pri poklicnih igralcih in pevcih ter pri kandidatih za te poklice, raziskovali smo tudi potencialne vzroke zanje. Metodologija. Vključili smo 65 poklicnih igralcev in 63 poklicnih pevcev iz profesionalnih gledališč oziroma pevskih zborov in pri njih s pomočjo anonimnega vprašalnika dobili podatke o glasovnih težavah in morebitnih vzrokih zanje. Za 36 kandidatov za študij dramske igre in 31 kandidatov za študij solo petja, ki so bili pred začetkom študija pregledani v Centru za motnje glasu, govora in požiranja Klinike za ORL in CFK UKC Ljubljana v letih 2011−2014, smo poiskali anamnestične podatke in podatke foniatričnega oziroma logopedskega pregleda, rezultate akustične in aerodinamične analize njihovih glasovnih vzorcev. Primerjali smo (i) skupini mladih kandidatov za poklice z veliko glasovno obremenitvijo, (ii) skupini pevcev in igralcev ter (iii) kandidate za posamezen poklic z glasovno obremenitvijo in dejanske elitne glasovne uporabnike (pevce, igralce) ter podskupini poklicnih pevcev oziroma igralcev s pogostimi glasovnimi težavami in brez njih. Rezultati. Izkazalo se je, da imajo poklicni igralci in kandidati za študij dramske igre pomembno več neprimernih glasovnih in govornih navad ter prisotnih več negativnih dejavnikov za glas kot poklicni pevci in kandidati za študij solo petja. Poklicni igralci in kandidati za študij dramske igre so se pomembno razlikovali po neprimernih glasovnih navadah, prisotnosti LFR in pogostosti glasovnih težav. Prav tako se je pomembno pogostejša prisotnosti LFR in pogostih glasovnih težav izkazala pri poklicnih pevcih v primerjavi s kandidati za študij solo petja. Primerjali smo tudi skupino poklicnih pevcev s pogostimi glasovnimi težavami s poklicnimi pevci brez pogostih težav in ugotovili, da imajo poklicni pevci s pogostimi glasovnimi težavami prisotnih več negativnih dejavnikov za glas. Kot pomembna dejavnika sta se izkazala glasen govor in prisotnost alergij. Primerjava skupine poklicnih igralcev s pogostimi glasovnimi težavami s poklicnimi igralci brez pogostih težav ni razkrila pomembnih razlik med obema skupinama. Ugotovili smo, da več kot polovica poklicnih igralcev in kandidatov za študij dramske igre kadi. Zaključki. Rezultati raziskave so pokazali, da je poznavanje skrbi za glas med poklicnimi igralci in pevci nezadostno. To še posebej velja za igralce, saj so imeli v za elitnega uporabnika glasu previsokem odstotku neprimerne govorne navade in kadili. Potrdili so pomen preventivnih pregledov pred vpisom na študij dramske igre in solo petja, tako da začnejo s študijem samo osebe z zdravim in zmogljivim govornim aparatom. Opozorili pa so tudi na dejstvo, da bi tako poklicni pevci kot igralci tudi v času svoje poklicne poti potrebovali dodatne informacije o dejavnikih, ki škodujejo kakovosti glasu, ter občasne foniatrične in logopedske preglede. Prav logoped bi lahko imel ključno vlogo v vseživljenjskem učenju in spremljanju elitnih glasovnih uporabnikov za preprečitev glasovnih težav, ki bi jim lahko onemogočile opravljati poklic.

Keywords

glas;glasovne motnje;glasovne težave;dejavniki tveganja;igralci;pevci;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization: UL PEF - Faculty of Education
Publisher: [N. Prebil]
UDC: 616.22(043.2)
COBISS: 11031881 Link will open in a new window
Views: 667
Downloads: 170
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Prevalence and risk factors for voice problems in professional actors and singers
Secondary abstract: Background. In some professions, the factors, which increase the possibility of voice problems occurrence can be detected. Among the occupations, which include a greater amount of voice load and at the same time a requirement for good voice quality, there are the professions of singers and actors. The purpose of the study was to determine how frequent the voice problems occur among professional actors and singers and candidates for these professions. We also investigated the potential causes for voice problems. Metodology. 65 professional actors, 63 professional singers from professional theatres and choirs and 36 candidates for drama play studies and 31 candidates for solo singing studies, who were examined in the Centre for disorder of voice, speech and swallowing problems at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery of Medical Centre Ljubljana, between 2011 and 2014 were included in our study. The data about voice problems of the participants and their possible causes were obtained with an anonymous questionnaire. For The data on medical history and findings of foniatric or speech therapist’s examination and the results of the acoustic and aerodynamic analysis of their voice samples were taken from the medical documentation of the examined candidates. We compared (i) the groups of young candidates for the professions with large voice load (ii) the groups of singers and actors and (iii) the candidates for each profession with voice load and the actual elite voice users (singers and actors) and the subset of professional singers and actors with and without the frequent voice problems. The results. The results have shown that the professional actors and drama play candidates display more inappropriate voice and speech patterns than the professional solo singers and solo singing candidates. Professional actors also have more risk factors which have a negative effect on their voice. Professional actors and candidates for drama play studies differed significantly in inappropriate voice habits, the presence of LPR and the frequency of voice problems. In addition, compared to the candidates of solo singing studies, the presence of LPR and the voice problem frequency were significantly higher in the professional singers. We also compared a group of professional singers with frequent voice problems to the group of professional singers without the frequent voice problems and found out, that there are more negative factors for voice in the group of the professional singers with more voice problems. Very important risk factors turned out to be loud speech and the presence of allergies. The comparison of the group of professional actors with frequent voice problems to the group of professional actors without frequent voice problems did not show any particular differences. More than a half of the group of professional actors and the candidates for drama play studies are smokes. Conclusions. According to the results, the professional actors and singers have insufficient knowledge of a proper voice care. Worse voice behaviour showed actors, whose percentage of inappropriate speech and smoking habits was too high for an elite voice user representative. The results confirmed the importance of preventive examinations before the enrolment in drama play and solo singing, therefore only candidates with healthy and efficient voice apparatus could enrol in these study programmes. The results also stressed the fact that both, professional singers and actors, would need additional information about the risk factors, which impair their voice quality as well as occasional foniatric or speech and language therapist’s examinations. It is a speech and language therapist that could have played a vital part in lifelong learning and monitoring the elite voice users and thus efficient prevention of the voice problems that might render them unable to perform their profession.
Secondary keywords: speech defect;govorna motnja;
File type: application/pdf
Type (COBISS): Master's thesis
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Pedagoška fak.
Pages: 99 str.
ID: 9149775