diplomsko delo
Tjaša Kozjan (Author), Matjaž Tratnik (Mentor)

Abstract

Besedna zveza izredna naturalizacija nas zagotovo asociira na nekaj, kar je izven rednega postopka. V bistvu pa izredna naturalizacija pomeni pridobitev državljanstva na podlagi prošnje posameznika pod izrednimi oziroma olajšanimi pogoji. Državljanstvo je najtesnejša pravna vez med posameznikom in državo. Je pravni status posameznika, kar pomeni, da je subjekt pravic in dolžnosti ozemlja, ki mu pripada. Vendar ni vedno tako, da je državljan tudi nacionalni pripadnik le-te. Vsaka država je suverena, da sama določi svoja pravila in predpise o podelitvi in pridobitvi državljanstva. Pri tem pa, kot določa Haaška konvencija o državljanstvu iz leta 1930, ne sme nobena država posegati v njeno suverenost. Posameznik pride v novo okolje, se tam na novo integrira v družbo, ali pa tam že dolgo časa prebiva, a za izpolnitev rednih pogojev za pridobitev državljanstva nima pogojev. Tedaj nastopi možnost pridobitve državljanstva z izredno naturalizacijo. Kot je posamezna država pristojna, da določi svoja pravila o pridobitvi državljanstva po rednem postopku, je prav tako v njeni moči, da določi, kdo lahko poseduje državljanstvo njenega ozemlja z drugačnimi, olajšanimi pogoji. Mednarodno sodišče je v sodbi primera Nottebohm odločilo, da se v takšnem postopku upošteva pristna vez med državo in posameznikom. Pri tem pa je država zavezana spoštovati tudi pravna načela mednarodnih institucij. Migracije so veliko doprinesle potrebam po vzpostavitvi izrednih pogojev. Že v času rimskega prava so, sicer redko, ljudje lahko kupili državljanstvo. V zadnjih nekaj letih pa to prakticira vse več držav z različnimi načini. Malta je tako že sprejela svoj investitorski program, po katerem bo v zameno za denar podelila državljanstvo prosilcem, ki bodo pod določenimi pogoji denar investirali v državo. Na evropskem območju pa strah, ki je prevzel Evropsko unijo, ni nepomemben, saj takšni posamezniki avtomatsko pridobijo tudi državljanstvo Unije, kar lahko pomeni izkoriščanje pravic in vrednot, ki jih Unija ima.

Keywords

mednarodno pravo;izredna naturalizacija;državljanstvo;suverenost;mednarodni predpisi;prodaja državljanstva;diplomska dela;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UM PF - Faculty of Law
Publisher: [T. Kozjan]
UDC: 342.71(043.2)
COBISS: 5123627 Link will open in a new window
Views: 1847
Downloads: 260
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: EXTRAORDINARY NATURALISATION AND UNUSUAL GRANTING OF CITIZENSHIP
Secondary abstract: Assuredly the phrase ˝extraordinary naturalization˝ associates something that is out of ordinary process. Basically, extraordinary naturalization means acquisition of citizenship on the base of an application made by an individual under facilitated conditions. Citizenship is the closest bond between an individual and a state. It is a legal status of an individual which means being a subject of rights and duties of the place he belongs to. But not always citizenship means nationality. Every state is sovereign to determine its rules and regulations about acquiring and granting citizenship. In this matter no other country can get involved in its rules, as it is determined in the Hague Convention on nationality 1930. An individual comes to a new environment and is newly integrated into the nation, or he resides on this territory for a long time but does not meet the regular requirements for obtaining citizenship. At this point we are talking about extraordinary naturalization. Just as every country has sovereignty to determine the rules about ordinary acquisition of citizenship, it is also in its power to determine the rules by which one can acquire its citizenship under facilitated conditions. In Nottebohm case, the International court decided that the state must obtain a genuine link between an individual and the state in the process of acquiring citizenship. The state is also obliged to observe the principles of international institutions. Migrations present a major input in the need to establish and to resort to extraordinary conditions. Under Roman law, people had a chance to buy citizenship. In the last few years many countries around the world have started to introduce this practice of selling citizenship. The Republic of Malta has already accepted the investment program by which individuals can invest their money in exchange for the acquisition of citizenship. The fear of the European Union in European area is not something to overlook. The individual who acquires citizenship of one of the member states, automatically acquires European citizenship as well. This may mean exploitation rights and values that the European Union has.
Secondary keywords: extraordinary naturalization;citizenship;sovereignty;international rules;selling citizenship;
URN: URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment: Univ. v Mariboru, Pravna fak.
Pages: 28 f.
ID: 9150045