diplomsko delo
Tjaša Likar (Author), Jera Gregorc (Mentor)

Abstract

V diplomskem delu analiziramo zbrana mnenja učiteljev smučanja o razlikah v poučevanju vadečih v temeljni in športni gibalni fazi. Temeljna in športna gibalna faza predstavljata zadnji izmed štirih faz človekovega motoričnega razvoja. V temeljni gibalni fazi se pretežno nahajajo otroci predšolskega obdobja, v športni gibalni fazi pa osnovnošolski učenci (od 7. leta dalje). Razlike v razvoju med obema fazama so opazne tako v rasti, razvoju, izkušnjah in adaptaciji kot v stopnjah na vseh področjih razvoja. Zaradi specifičnosti razvoja predšolskega otroka učitelj smučanja ne more enako poučevati v obeh fazah; značilnosti razvoja namreč zahtevajo prilagoditev v poučevanju in spremembo samih metod dela. Učiteljev cilj je vedno učenje določene smučarske tehnike, toda medtem ko imajo njegovi vadeči v športni gibalni fazi enak cilj, je ta v predšolskem obdobju drugačen. Učitelji smučanja prenašajo smučarsko znanje na manj izkušene osebe; to so lahko odrasli, učenci, predšolski otroci itd. Licenco za poučevanje lahko pridobijo tudi osebe, ki niso zaključile pedagoškega študija, kjer bi podrobno spoznale razlike med temeljno in športno gibalno fazo. Nekateri učitelji se na te razlike prilagodijo spontano, drugi pa vse poučujejo enako, ne glede na fazo gibalnega razvoja vadečih. V diplomskem delu želimo ugotoviti razlike v mnenjih učiteljev smučanja o poučevanju v temeljni in športni gibalni fazi. Preučujemo, katere pripomočke uporabljajo učitelji pri poučevanju predšolskih otrok in katere pri poučevanju najstnikov, ter posredno ugotavljamo, kako so usposobljeni za poučevanje v različnih starostnih obdobjih. Podatke smo zbirali s pomočjo anketnega vprašalnika, ki so ga učitelji smučanja izpolnjevali decembra 2013. Slovenskim učiteljem smučanja smo po elektronski pošti poslali anketni vprašalnik v elektronski obliki, izdelan v programu Google Docs. Njihove elektronske naslove smo pridobili preko smučarskih šol in klubov (ZUTS), ki delujejo v Sloveniji. Podatke smo obdelali s statističnim paketom SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences), za obdelavo pa smo uporabili podprograma Descriptives (za izračun opisne statistike) in Crosstabs (za ugotavljanje povezanosti ordinalnih in nominalnih vrednosti). Za preverjanje razlik smo uporabili t-test. Hipoteze smo statistično preverili na ravni petodstotnega tveganja (p ≤ 0,05). S pomočjo analize odgovorov smo ugotovili, da je zastavitev svojega in otrokovega cilja v temeljni gibalni fazi enaka pri učiteljih tako z nižjo (U1) kot z višjo izobrazbo (U2, U3, demo). Slovenski učitelji smučanja pri poučevanju predšolskih otrok in mladostnikov uporabljajo različne pripomočke, kar dokazuje tudi sprejetje ničelne hipoteze o uporabi različnih pripomočkov pri osebah v temeljni in športni gibalni fazi.

Keywords

smučanje;učitelji smučanja;učenje in poučevanje;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL PEF - Faculty of Education
Publisher: [T. Likar]
UDC: 796.92(043.2)
COBISS: 11067209 Link will open in a new window
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Opinions of skiing instructors on teaching in the fundamental and the sports movement phase
Secondary abstract: The thesis analyses a set of opinions of skiing instructors on the differences in teaching during the fundamental and the sports movement phase. The fundamental and the sports movement phase are the last of the four phases of human motor development. Preschool children normally belong to the fundamental movement phase, while schoolchildren (aged over seven years) belong to the sports movement phase. The differences between the two phases can be observed in terms of growth, development, experience and adaptation, and the stage of all-round development. Skiing instructors cannot teach children in both phases in the same way due to the specific developmental features of preschool children, which means they require adapted teaching methods and work. The goal of the instructor is to teach a specific skiing technique. However, the children in the sports movement phase and their younger counterparts do not share the same goals. Skiing instructors impart their knowledge to less experienced persons, either adults, pupils, preschool children, etc. Given that people without an education degree can also obtain a license, they are not fully acquainted with differences between the fundamental and the sports movement phase. Some instructors are able to spontaneously adapt to the differences, while some use the same method regardless on the students' phase of motor development. The purpose of the thesis is to identify the differences in the opinions of skiing instructors on teaching during the fundamental and the sports movement phase. It explores the tools they use for teaching preschool children and teenagers to indirectly assess whether they are well-equipped for teaching different age groups. Data was obtained with a survey questionnaire distributed to skiing instructors in December 2013. Slovene skiing instructors were forwarded an online survey questionnaire developed in Google Docs. Their addresses were acquired from Slovene ski schools and clubs (Ski Association of Slovenia). Data was processed with the SPSS software (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences), more precisely the Descriptives program (to calculate descriptive statistics) and the Crosstabs subprogram (to determine the correlation between ordinal and nominal values). The differences were tested with a t-test, while the hypotheses were statistically tested at the level of 5% risk (p≤0.05). After analyzing the responses, it transpired that both instructors with a lower level of education (U1) and instructors with a higher level of education (U2, U3, demo) set their own and the child's goals in the fundamental movement phase. Slovene skiing instructors use different tools for teaching preschool children and adolescents. This fact was further supported with the confirmation of the null hypothesis on the use of different tools in teaching groups in the fundamental and the sports movement phase.
Secondary keywords: winter sport;child;zimski šport;otrok;
File type: application/pdf
Type (COBISS): Undergraduate thesis
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Pedagoška fak., Predšolska vzgoja
Pages: VI, 52 str.
ID: 9154767