magistrska naloga
Mojca Inkret (Author), Etelka Korpič-Horvat (Mentor)

Abstract

Zaposlovanje mladih je izziv sodobne družbe. Brezposelnost med mladimi je tako na ravni EU, kot v RS zaskrbljujoča, še posebej med mladimi od 15. do 24. leta starosti. Države članice EU se z brezposelnostjo mladih soočajo vsaka na svoj način. Mladi se spoprijemajo z negotovostjo zaposlitve, težko se trajno povežejo s trgom dela. Na ravni EU je pomembna evropska strategija zaposlovanja, sprejeta leta 1997, katere cilji so celostna zaposlitev, kvaliteta in produktivnost dela, kohezija ter vključujoči trg dela. Tudi institucije EU iščejo rešitve za zmanjšanje visoke stopnje brezposelnosti med mladimi v EU. Svet ministrov EU je 22. aprila 2013 sprejel Priporočilo o vzpostavitvi jamstva za mladino, ki ga je junija istega leta potrdil Evropski svet. Priporočil je, da se vzpostavijo tako imenovane Sheme Jamstvo za mlade, s pomočjo katerih bi države članice EU vzpostavile mehanizme za izboljšanje zaposljivosti mladih na trgu dela v posamezni državi članici EU. V okviru Jamstva za mlade bi države članice morale zagotoviti, da mladi, ki so stari manj kot 25 let, v štirih mesecih po zaključku šolanja ali izgubi zaposlitve lahko bodisi najdejo »kakovostno« zaposlitev, primerno njihovi izobrazbi, znanju in spretnostim ter izkušnjam, ali z vajeništvom, pripravništvom ali nadaljnjim izobraževanjem pridobijo izobrazbo, znanje in spretnosti ter izkušnje, s katerimi lahko v prihodnosti najdejo zaposlitev. Opredelitve kakšna je za mlade kakovostna zaposlitev ni, kljub dejstvu, da je pomen le-te poudarjen. Na to »pomanjkljivost« je opozorilo tudi Evropsko računsko sodišče in poudarilo, da je kakovostna ponudba tista ponudba, ki mlade brezposelne osebe trajno poveže s trgom dela. V Republiki Sloveniji je vlada sprejela Jamstvo za mlade konec januarja leta 2014. Ukrepi znotraj Sheme Jamstvo za mlade so razdeljeni na štiri obdobja, v okviru katerih se izvajajo ukrepi APZ. Znotraj Sheme Jamstvo za mlade se izvaja tudi ukrep usposabljanje na delovnem mestu, kot ukrep iz 3. obdobja Sheme Jamstvo za mlade. Iz 4. obdobja znotraj Sheme Jamstvo za mlade so predvidena kot ukrep tudi javna dela, ki so normativno zadovoljivo urejena, je pa ukrep javnih del predviden za dolgotrajno brezposelne osebe. Primerjalno gledano je ukrep usposabljanje na delovnem mestu normativno pomanjkljivo urejen in udeleženec tekom usposabljanja ne uživa ustreznega delovnopravnega varstva, kot ga brezposelna oseba, vključena v javna dela na podlagi posebne pogodbe o vključitvi v javna dela. Iz poprej navedenega razloga se ukrep usposabljanje na delovnem mestu prepogosto zlorablja s strani delodajalcev in namen ukrepa ni dosežen. Delodajalci udeležencev usposabljanja na delovnem mestu ne zaposlijo in se udeleženci usposabljanja na delovnem mestu trajno ne povežejo s trgom dela, kar pa je poglavitni namen Sheme Jamstvo za mlade. V trenutnih gospodarskih razmerah mladi, tako na ravni EU, kot znotraj posamezne države članice zelo težko najdejo sebi primerno zaposlitev, ki bi nudila ustrezno delovnopravno varstvo. Ukrepe iz Sheme Jamstvo za mlade, katerih temeljni namen je mladim brezposelnim osebam omogočiti oziroma olajšati prehod na trg dela, bi bilo potrebno bolj povezati s trgom dela. V Republiki Sloveniji v trenutni ureditvi Shema Jamstvo za mlade ne dosega želenih učinkov, saj se brezposelnost zaradi izvajanja ukrepov znotraj Sheme Jamstvo za mlade ni dolgotrajno zmanjšala. Pri analizi podatkov sem ugotovila, da gre za kratkotrajne zaposlitve, ki mladim ne nudijo ustrezne socialne varnosti. Brezposelnost se s pomočjo ukrepov znotraj Sheme Jamstvo za mlade zniža le kratkočasno, za čas vključitve brezposelne mlade osebe v ukrep. Po zaključku vključenosti mlade brezposelne osebe v ukrep znotraj Sheme Jamstvo za mlade pa so mladi ponovno brezposelni.

Keywords

delovno pravo;magistrske naloge;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization: UM PF - Faculty of Law
Publisher: M. Inkret]
UDC: 331.5(043.3)
COBISS: 5216555 Link will open in a new window
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: GUARANTEE SCHEMES FOR YOUNG PEOPLE IN SLOVENIA AND YOUTH EMPLOYMENT
Secondary abstract: Youth employment is a big challenge of modern society. Unemployment among young people in EU, between 15 and 24 years of age, is very worifying and same problems is also facing Slovenia. Members of EU are facing youth unemployment each in its own way. Young people are confronted with uncertain labor market and dificulties with employment for longer periods of time. In 1997, a European Employment Strategy was reached, and its main purpose was integrated employment, quality and productivity at work, cohesion and inclusive labor market. EU institutions are also looking for solutions to reduce a very high level of unemployment among young people in the EU. EU Council of Ministers reached a Recommendation on the establishement of guarantees for young people, on 22 April 2013, which was accepted by the European Council in June the same year. Recommendations were to establish a so-called guarantee schemes for young people, which would allow EU Member States to put in place mechanisms to improve the employability of young people on the labor market in each Member State of the EU. Within the framework of guarantees for young people, the Member States should ensure that young people, aged less than 25 years old, which finish school or lose a job, can find appropriate employment in a period of four months, which will be equvivalent to their education, knowledge and skills, or gain an internship or further education, which will contribute to their employment in the future. There is no definition for a quality employment for young people, despite the fact, that its importance is highlited. The European Court of Auditors also pointed out the deficiency on this field and stated, that quality offer is the one, that is permanently connecting young unemployment people to the labor market. In January 2014, Slovenian government adopted a guarantee for young people. Actions within the guarantee schemes for young people are divided into four periods, under which the measures of active employment policy is being implemented. Within the guarantee schemes for young people, a measure of training in the workplace is being carried out , as a measure of the 3rd period of guarantee schemes for young people. From the 4th period guarantee scheme, the public work measurements are being predicted, which are normative sufficiently regulated and intended for a long-term unemployment. If we compare the measurements of training in the workplace with public work measurements, we find out that training in the workplace measurements are organised normative inadequate and participant does not enjoy adequate labor protection during the training time, same as an unemployed person, involved in public works on basis of a special contract is receiving. From the previously mentioned reason the measure of training in the workplace is often abused by employers and the purpose of the action is not reached. Employers do not employ training participants, and for this reason the participants are not permanently connected with the labor market, which is the main purpose of guarantee scheme for young people.
Secondary keywords: employment law;master thesis;
URN: URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS): Master's thesis
Thesis comment: Univ. v Mariboru, Pravna fakulteta
Pages: V, 6-145 f.
ID: 9157062