magistrsko delo
Nina Nemec (Author), Milenko Roš (Mentor), Aleš Hribernik (Mentor), Andrej Škorja (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Pivovarska industrija je en izmed velikih porabnikov vode, ki hkrati proizvaja tudi velike količine industrijske odpadne vode, ki obremenjujejo ekosistem. Teh težav se zavedajo tudi v podjetju Pivovarna Laško, ki kot IPPC (Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control – celovito preprečevanje in nadzor onesnaževanja) zavezanec nenehno optimizira uporabo vode v proizvodnem procesu, hkrati pa skrbi za ustrezno ravnanje z odpadnimi vodami. V magistrskem delu smo raziskali možnost ponovne uporabe regeneracijske odpadne vode, ki nastaja pri mehčanju s pomočjo ionskih izmenjevalcev, v sistemu hladilnih stolpov, kar bi v prihodnosti lahko doprineslo k zmanjšanju porabe čiste vode in posledično k zmanjšanju obremenitve naravnih vodotokov. Z laboratorijskimi analizami smo določili kemijske lastnosti regeneracijske odpadne vode, kjer smo za posamezno fazo regeneracije, ki vključuje povratno pranje, kislino prenos, kislino razmestitev in izpiranje, kot tudi za skupno vzorčenje vseh faz regeneracije izmerili vrednost pH, električno prevodnost, vsebnost sulfatov, kemijsko potrebo po kisiku, motnost, m-alkaliniteto ter karbonatno in celotno trdoto. Pridobljene podatke smo nato primerjali z mejnimi vrednostmi, ki določajo kakovost vstopne vode na hladilne stolpe, ki so še dovoljene, da le-ti normalno delujejo. Ugotovili smo, da imamo opravka z zelo onesnaženimi odpadnimi vodami, kjer je za neposredno ponovno uporabo brez dodatnih metod obdelovanja primerna le prva faza regeneracije (povratno pranje), s katero bi letno pokrili le 2,6 % potreb po vodi za hladilne stolpe. Preostale faze regeneracije, kot tudi skupno zbrane faze, pa bi potrebovale dodatno čiščenje. Na voljo so številne metode čiščenja takšnih odpadnih vod, ki vključujejo nove vrste tehnologije, kemikalij, opreme in analiznih metod, poleg tega pa proizvedejo nov odpadek, ki ga je prav tako treba skrbno obdelati. Smiselno bi bilo razmisliti o načinu optimizacije celotnega procesa ionske izmenjave z uporabo dvostopenjske grobo polirne regeneracije kot tudi o ponovni uporabi regeneracijske odpadne vode v kakšne druge namene, kjer ni zahtevana visoka kakovost vstopne vode.

Keywords

ionska izmenjava;regeneracija;regeneracijska odpadna voda;ponovna uporaba;hladilni stolpi;magistrske naloge;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization: UM FS - Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
Publisher: [N. Nemec]
UDC: 628.312.5:628.179.2(043.2)
COBISS: 20143894 Link will open in a new window
Views: 1507
Downloads: 243
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: The possibility of re-use of the regeneration waste water from the exchanger for water softening in the Laško brewery
Secondary abstract: The brewing industry is one of the largest consumers of water, producing large quantities of industrial waste waters, which pollute the ecosystem. Well aware of these problems is the Laško Brewery, which, as a party liable to IPPC (Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control), constantly optimizes the use of water in the production process, while ensuring an adequate waste water treatment. In this Master thesis, we researched the potentials of reusability of regeneration waste water, a resulting product of softening by means of ion exchangers in the system of cooling towers, which would in the future contribute to the reduction of clean water consumption and consequently reduce the burden on natural watercourses. We determined the chemical properties of the regeneration waste water with laboratory analysis, where we measured the pH value, electric conductivity, the content of sulphates, chemical oxygen demand, turbidity, m-alkalinity, carbonate and total hardness of every individual stage of regeneration, which includes a backwashing, acid transfer, acid displacement and rinsing, as well as of the collective sampling of all phases of the regeneration. The data obtained were then compared with the limit values, which determine the quality of the inlet water of the cooling towers, that are still permitted in order for latter to function normally. We have established that we are dealing with highly contaminated waste waters, in which only the first stage of regeneration (backwash) would be appropriate for a direct reuse without any additional processing methods, which would annualy only cover 2,6 % of water demand for cooling towers. The remaining regeneration phases as well as the complete collective phases would require additional cleaning. There are numerous methods of cleaning such waste waters, but they − together with new types of technology, chemicals, equipment, analytical methods − produce new waste, which should also be carefully processed. It would be sensible to think about a way to optimize the entire process of ion exchange using a two-stage rough-polishing regeneration as well as the reuse of regenerative waste water for other purposes where high quality of inlet water is not required.
Secondary keywords: ion exchange;regeneration;regeneration waste water;reuse;cooling towers;
URN: URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS): Master's thesis/paper
Thesis comment: Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za strojništvo
Pages: XIV, 96 f.
ID: 9165468