(diplomsko delo)
Urška Završnik (Author), Gregor Rečnik (Mentor), Barbara Donik (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Teoretična izhodišča: Hernija diskusa ali zdrs medvretenčne ploščice je posledica izbočenja vsebine medvretenčne ploščice skozi razpoko v zunanjem krožnem obodu, v njegovi najšibkejši točki, ki nastane kot posledica degenerativnih sprememb. Prizadeta oseba bo tožila o hudih bolečinah v križu, ki lahko seva v eno ali obe nogi. Ob še vedno prisotni bolečini, kljub konservativnemu zdravljenju, se zdravnik lahko odloči za operativni poseg. Po operaciji sledi rehabilitacija. Vloga medicinske sestre je, da bolniku da nasvete in navodila, kako skrbeti za zdravje in hrbtenico doma in glede rednega izvajanja vaj, ki omogočajo kvalitetnejše življenje po operaciji. Z raziskavo smo želeli ugotoviti kakšna je kakovost bolnika po operaciji, ali je bolečina še vedno prisotna in v kolikšni meri lahko bolniki opravljajo dnevne aktivnosti. Raziskovalne metode: V diplomskem delu smo uporabili kvantitativno metodologijo. Raziskavo smo izvedli s pomočjo že pripravljenega anketnega vprašalnika – Oswestry vprašalnik – The Oswestry Disability Indeks (Fairbank & Pynsent, 2000b), za oceno zmožnosti opravljanja vsakodnevnih aktivnosti. Izvedli smo tudi retrospektivno analizo statističnih podatkov raziskave, ki je potekala s pomočjo anketnega vprašalnika pri anketiranih bolnikih pred operacijo v letih 2010 do 2013. Rezultati: Ugotovili smo, da je bilo 28 (57 %) bolnikov, ki so se po operaciji vrnili k staremu načinu življenja, ostalih 21 (43 %) pa se jih ni vrnilo nazaj. Razlika med povprečno vrednostjo po ODI pred operacijo (0,62 ± 0,20) in 4 leta po operaciji (0,28 ± 0,20) je statistično značilna (p < 0,001), kar pomeni, da so po operaciji preiskovanci lažje opravljali vsakodnevne aktivnosti. Ugotovili smo, da je operacija pomagala zmanjšati bolečino. Bolečina v hrbtu po operaciji (4,00 ± 2,68) je statistično značilna (p = 0,018) manjša kot pred operacijo (5,39 ± 3,09). Tudi bolečine v nogi/zadnjici so se zmanjšale. Bolečina po operaciji (3,53 ± 2,82) je statistično značilna (p < 0,001) manjša kot pred operacijo (7,57 ± 1,96). Zaključek: V raziskavi so bili obravnavani bolniki, ki so že bili operirani zaradi hernije disci. Bolečina se jim je zmanjšala in so zadovoljni s stanjem po operaciji. Da pa bodo skrbeli za svoje zdravje, je potrebno upoštevati navodila in nasvete medicinske sestre.

Keywords

hernija disci;zdravljenje;kakovost življenja;rehabilitacija;zdravstvena nega;bolniki;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UM - University of Maribor
Publisher: [U. Završnik]
UDC: 611.711:616-089-083(043.2)
COBISS: 2280356 Link will open in a new window
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: QUALITY OF LIFE OF PATIENTS AFTER HERNIATED DISC SURGERY
Secondary abstract: Theoretical introduction: Herniated intervertebral disc or spinal disc herniation is a consequence of bulging of intervertebral disc content through a crack in the outer periphery in its weakest point as a result of degenerative changes. The affected person will have severe back pain which may radiate into one or both legs. If the pain still persists after the conservative therapy, a doctor may decide for an operation. Operation is followed by rehabilitation. The role of nurses is to give patients advice and instructions on how to care for the health of the spine at home and on how to perform the exercises regularly. This can consequently enable a better quality of life after the operation. This research wanted to determine the quality of patients’ lives after the operation; whether the pain is still present and how they perform their daily activities. Research methods: In my diploma work we used quantitative methodology. The research was carried out with the prepared Oswestry questionaire - The Oswestry Disability Index (Fairbank & Pynsent, 2000b), to assess the patients’ ability to perform their everyday activities. We carried out a retrospective analysis of statistical research, which was carried out by using the questionnaire of the surveyed patients before the operation in the years 2010 to 2013. Results: We found out that after the operation 28 (57 %) patients returned to the old way of life, while 21 (43 %) didn't. The difference between the average of the ODI before the operation (0,62 ± 0,20) and 4 years after the operation (0,28 ± 0,20) was statistically significant (p < 0,001), which means that after the operation the subjects performed everyday activities easier. We have found out that the operation helped to reduce pain. Back pain after the operation (4,00 ± 2,68) was statistically significantly (p = 0,018) lower than before the operation (5,39 ± 3,09). Even pain in the leg/buttocks was reduced. Pain after the operation (3,53 ± 2,82) was statistically significantly (p < 0,001) lower than before the operation (7,57 ± 1,96). Conclusion: The research included patients who have already undergone the operation due to the herniated disc. They felt less pain and they were satisfied with the condition after the operation. In order to maintain this it is necessary to consider nurses' instructions and advice.
Secondary keywords: herniated disc;treatment;quality of life;rehabilitation;health care;patient;
URN: URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment: Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za zdravstvene vede
Pages: V, 36 f., 5 f. pril.
ID: 9171745