Svetlobna onesnaženost na območju občine Ormož

diplomsko delo visokošolskega strokovnega študija Varnost in policijsko delo

Petra Lukman (Author), Katja Eman (Mentor)

Abstract

Svetlobno onesnaževanje dandanes v svetu predstavlja velik problem. S tem problemom se srečuje veliko držav Evropske unije – v bolj poseljenih mestih skoraj ni več popolne teme. Ponoči so v stalnem stanju 'umetne mesečine'. To vključuje tudi Slovenijo, saj smo po številu prebivalcev in osvetljenosti mest v samem vrhu. Ljudje se še premalo zavedajo nevarnosti, ki jih prinaša onesnaževanje s svetlobo. Te so namreč motnje spanja ter omejitev ali celo prekinitev tvorbe hormona melatonina, ki je naravni zaviralec rakavih obolenj. Zaradi onesnaženosti s svetlobo so zelo ogrožene tudi razne vrste predvsem nočnih živali. Nekaterim celo grozi izumrtje. Prav tako so zelo ogrožena astronomska opazovanja. Pravzaprav lahko najboljše mesto za opazovanje zvezd najdemo nekje daleč od civilizacije, na oceanu, v puščavi ali na Antarktiki. V občini Ormož je situacija glede zavedanja ljudi o škodljivosti svetlobnega onesnaženja podobna kot drugod v Sloveniji in Evropski uniji. Ljudje o nevarnostih, ki jih prinaša, niso dovolj ozaveščeni. Po rezultatih ankete jih več kot polovica opaža, da ponoči slabše spijo, saj jim zunanja obcestna razsvetljava sveti v spalnico. Vendar pa v občini Ormož že od leta 2012 izboljšujejo stanje oziroma zmanjšujejo onesnaževanje s svetlobo. Do danes so zamenjali 75 % svetilk s popolnoma zasenčenimi, ostale imajo namen zamenjati še letos. Sicer še obstajajo primeri osvetlitve, ki niso skladni z Uredbo o mejnih vrednostih svetlobnega onesnaževanja okolja (B. Jelovica (osebni intervju, 1. 6. 2016)), vendar so odgovorni na pravi poti, da to uresničijo. Rešitev bi bilo lahko več. Menjava vseh svetilk s popolnoma zasenčenimi, ugašanje med 23.00 in 5.00 uro zjutraj na vseh mestih, ki niso sam center mesta Ormož, predvsem pa bi bilo treba ugašati tiste, ki se nahajajo v okolici stanovanjskih blokov, ter vgradnja visokotlačnih natrijevih sijalk v vse svetilke.

Keywords

svetloba;naravna svetloba;umetna svetloba;svetlobno onesnaževanje;onesnaževanje okolja;diplomske naloge;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2016
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM FVV - Faculty of Criminal Justice
Publisher:	P. Lukman]
UDC:	504.6:628.971.7(043.2)
COBISS:	3207146
Views:	895
Downloads:	98
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Light pollution in the municipal area of Ormož
Secondary abstract:	Nowadays light pollution is causing a great problem in our world. Many countries of the European union are dealing with it – there is barely any populated place that has a dark night – they are in a constant state of 'artificial moonlight'. This also includes Slovenia, as we are known to be in the very top of the most light polluted countries per resident count. People still aren't aware enough of the dangers that light pollution brings. This includes sleep disturbances and also restriction or even interruption of the melatonin hormone, which is known to be a natural inhibitor of cancer diseases. Light pollution also present a great threat to some kinds of animals, especially nocturnal animals. Some are even threatened with extinction. The same case is with the astronomical observations. The best place for star observation you could actually find now would be somewhere far from civilization, on an ocean, in a desert or on Antarctica. In the municipality of Ormož is the state of awareness of the dangers of light pollution similiar as elsewhere in Slovenia and Europe. People who live there are simply not educated well enough of the dangers, that light pollution brings. According to the survey results, more than half of the respondents are begining to feel their lack of good sleep because of the street lighting, which shines into their bedrooms. But, there were also some changes made in Ormož since 2012. Till this year, they have already replaced 75 % of the lamps with full cut-off lamps, the rest of them should be replaced this year. There are still some cases, that are not consistent with our Regulation on limit values of light pollution (B. Jelovica (personal interview, 1. 6. 2016)), but the responsible ones are on the right way to make this changes. There could be some solutions. Replacing all lamps with full cut-off lamps and shutting them down between 23.00 and 5.00 o'clock in the morning on all places, that are not right in the center of Ormož. Most important would be shutting down all lamps, that are standing around apartment blocks and then also replacing them with high pressure sodium lamps.
Secondary keywords:	Light pollution;public lighting;full cut-off lamps;Ormož;Ljutomer;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za varnostne vede, Ljubljana
Pages:	50 str.
ID:	9193272