Ekološka nesreča v Ajki na Madžarskem

diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študija

Dean Vasiljević (Author), Katja Eman (Mentor)

Abstract

Tema diplomskega dela je ena najhujših okoljskih nesreč v zgodovini Madžarske in tudi najhujših nesreč v Evropi po Černobilu. Zaradi uničenja stene zadrževalnika je prišlo do izliva rdečega blata v tovarni aluminija v Ajki na Madžarskem. Rdeče blato je stranski produkt pri proizvodnji aluminija in se ga shranjuje v posebnih zadrževalnikih s suho ali mokro tehnologijo shranjevanja. Madžarska je uporabljala slednjo in tako močno zaostajala za ostalim svetom, ki je po večini že prešel na varnejšo suho tehnologijo. Tema je sama po sebi zanimiva že zaradi bližine z našo državo. Nekaj časa po nesreči je bila tudi Slovenija v strahu pred rdečim blatom. Po drugi strani pa je močno odmevala po Evropi in po svetu tako da ni bilo težav z literaturo. Mnogo svetovnih medijev je pokrivalo zgodbo, v pomoč so bile tudi raziskave znanstvenikov po nesreči, prav tako analize ter poročila različnih organizacij za zaščito narave in njim podobni. Ko nesreča enkrat ni bila več tako aktualna, tudi članki na to temo postanejo vse bolj redki, tako da so v tem primeru bili v veliko pomoč Madžarski mediji, ki so tudi leta po nesreči dobro pokrivali dogajanje glede družbene odgovornosti za nesrečo, pomoči prizadetim ljudem in iskanja odgovornih za nesrečo. Omenjeni članki, analize in poročila so predstavljali glavni vir za pisanje diplomske naloge. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da obstaja širok spekter dejavnikov, ki so privedli do nesreče - od korupcije, kršenja okoljskih predpisov, malomarnosti pri gradnji do izjemno deževnega obdobja in prevelike količine blata v zadrževalniku. Rešitev je predstavljala suha tehnologija shranjevanja blata, katero so implementirali po nesreči. Danes obstaja tudi že bolj sofisticiran proces pridobivanja aluminija, pri katerem ostane le minimalna količina odpadnih materialov, a to je zaenkrat še bolj stvar prihodnosti.

Keywords

aluminij;tovarna aluminija;ekologija;ekološke nesreče;ekološka kriminaliteta;Madžarska;diplomske naloge;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2016
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM FVV - Faculty of Criminal Justice
Publisher:	D. Vasiljević]
UDC:	504.5(043.2)
COBISS:	3209194
Views:	1237
Downloads:	148
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	THE ECOLOGICAL DISASTER IN AJKA, HUNGARY
Secondary abstract:	Diploma thesis is about one of the worst environmental disasters in the history of Hungary and the worst disaster in Europe after Chernobyl; breech of red mud in the aluminum factory in Ajka in Hungary due to the destruction of the walls of the reservoir. Red sludge is a byproduct in the production of aluminum and is stored in special reservoirs with either wet or dry storage technology. Hungary was using the latter and was significantly behind the rest of the world, which already switched to safer dry technology. Topic is interesting because of the proximity and some time after the accident, Slovenia was also in fear of the red mud. On the other hand, it strongly echoed in Europe and around the world so there was no problem with the literature. Many of the world media covered the story. Scientific research after the accident, analysis and reports of various environmental organizations and others were also very helpful. After the accident was not so topical, the articles about it became increasingly rare. In this case I had to rely on Hungarian media which was of great help. They had good covering of the accident, developments in company responsible for the disaster and they also wrote about the people affected, how they were getting help and about those responsible. Those articles, analysis and reports were the main source of thesis. It has been found that there is a wide range of factors which led to the accident. Corruption, violations of environmental regulations, negligence in the construction of the pond, exceptional rain period and excessive amount of the sludge in the reservoir. Dry technology represented the solution for the problem and was implemented after the accident. There is already more sophisticated process of extracting aluminum known today. Only the minimum quantity of waste materials remains behind in this process but this is still a thing for the future.
Secondary keywords:	aluminum;red mud;Ajka;Hungary;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS):	Undergraduate thesis
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za varnostne vede, Ljubljana
Pages:	59 str.
ID:	9193317