magistrsko delo
Sara Mičič (Author), Karin Bakračevič Vukman (Mentor)

Abstract

Študije, ki preučujejo učinek kognitivnega treninga na kognitivne sposobnosti starejših, so v zadnjih letih v porastu in so deležne vse več pozornosti. Še posebej velik poudarek je na uporabi kognitivnih treningov kot varovalnih dejavnikov pred kognitivnim upadom, ki je pogojen s staranjem. Namen pričujoče raziskave je bil preveriti, ali lahko s treningom delovnega spomina izboljšamo kognitivno funkcioniranje pri starejših odraslih in ali kognitivna rezerva vpliva na uspešnost treninga. V raziskavi je sodelovalo 21 starejših odraslih, starih med 65 in 91 let (M = 81,71, SD = 7,16). V eksperimentalno skupino je bilo vključenih 10 udeležencev (M = 80,50, SD = 6,40), v kontrolno pa 11 udeležencev (M = 82,82, SD = 7,88). Eksperimentalna skupina je v obdobju petih tednov zaključila 15 treningov s pomočjo naloge n-nazaj, kontrolna skupina pa je bila pasivna in v tem času ni opravljala nobenega treninga. Neposredno pred in po zaključenem treningu sta bili obe skupini testirani s pomočjo nalog vizualno-prostorskega in verbalnega delovnega spomina ter izvršilnih funkcij. Testiranje je bilo ponovljeno še 3 mesece po zaključku treninga. Rezultati so pokazali, da so udeleženci eksperimentalne skupine nekoliko izboljšali rezultat na trenirani nalogi, vendar napredek ni bil statistično pomemben. Prav tako ne moremo potrditi statistično pomembnega prenosa učinkov treninga na naloge vizualno-prostorskega in verbalnega spomina ter naloge izvršilnih funkcij. Učinka kognitivne rezerve na uspešnost na trenirani nalogi prav tako ni bilo, pokazala pa se je statistično pomembna povezava med kognitivno rezervo in nekaterimi testi na končnem testiranju, kar nakazuje na morebiten vpliv treninga delovnega spomina na transfer na netrenirane naloge neposredno po treningu. Izsledki raziskave nakazujejo na pomembnost preučevanja možnih načinov za zmanjševanje kognitivnega upada pri starejših.

Keywords

magistrska dela;delovni spomin;kognitivna rezerva;kognitivni trening;naloga n-nazaj;transfer na netrenirane naloge;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization: UM FF - Faculty of Arts
Publisher: [S. Mičič]
UDC: 159.953(043.2)
COBISS: 22974984 Link will open in a new window
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Downloads: 363
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: ǂThe ǂimpact of working memory training on cognitive performance in older adults in relation to cognitive reserve hypothesis
Secondary abstract: Studies investigating the effect of cognitive training on cognitive functioning of older adults are becoming increasingly important in recent years. Especially important is use of cognitive training as a buffer of age related cognitive decline. The aim of the present study was to assess whether it is possible to improve cognitive functioning of older adults with cognitive training and whether cognitive reserve have the impact on training outcome. 21 older adults aged between 65 and 91 (M = 81,71, SD = 7,16) participated in the study. There were 10 participants with mean age of 80,50 years (SD = 6,40) in experimental group and 11 participants with mean age of 82,82 years (SD = 7,88) in control group. Experimental group participated in 15 trainings in 5 weeks period with n-back task, control group was passive and did not participated in any training. Directly before and after training both groups were tested with visual- spatial memory task, verbal working memory task and executive functions. Participants were tested again 3 months after training. The results showed that participants in experimental group partially improved performance on trained task, although the results were not statistically significant. There was also no statistically significant training effect on visual-spatial task, verbal memory task and executive functions. We also can not confirm the effect of cognitive reserve on improvement on trained task, although there was statistically significant relationship between cognitive reserve and some tests on retest, which may indicate on potential effect of working memory training on transfer to untrained tasks. The study has implications for the significance of research on possible ways of preventing cognitive decline in older adults.
Secondary keywords: master theses;working memory;cognitive reserve;cognitive training;n-back task;transfer on untrained task;
URN: URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS): Master's thesis/paper
Thesis comment: Univ. v Mariboru, Filozofska fak., Oddelek za psihologijo
Pages: IV f., 69 str., [4] str. pril.
ID: 9385009