magistrsko delo
Kaja Perne (Author), Vojko Strojnik (Reviewer), Katja Tomažin (Mentor), Petra Prevc (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Cilji magistrske naloge so bili ugotoviti učinke dveh različnih vadb moči na moč izbranih mišičnih skupin in izvedbo ravnotežnih nalog ter povezanost njihovih sprememb pri aktivnih starejših osebah. V raziskavo je bilo vključenih 30 vadečih, ki so bili naključno razdeljeni v dve skupini. Prva skupina je izvajala vadbo za moč na napravah (15 vadečih, 65±4,6 let, 68,8±11,3 kg, 160,5±8,1 cm), druga skupina pa vadbo za moč z gimnastičnimi vajami (15 vadečih, 66±4,8 let, 77,2±12,5 kg, 164,5±8,3 cm). Vadbi sta se izvajali 2x tedensko po 60 minut, trajali pa sta 9 tednov. Pred začetkom in po koncu izvajanja vadb smo opravili meritve, ki so zajemale teste ravnotežja in največjega izometričnega naprezanja izbranih mišičnih skupin. Vadba na napravah je vsebovala 10 različnih vaj, medtem ko je vadba z gimnastičnimi vajami vsebovala 12 različnih vaj predvsem za moč mišic nog in trupa. Rezultati testov moči so pokazali statistično značilno izboljšanje največjega navora iztegovalk gležnja in trupa pri obeh skupinah, upogibalk trupa pri skupini z gimnastičnimi vajami in sile iztegovalk nog pri skupini na napravah. Skupina na napravah je statistično značilno izboljšala vse funkcionalne dosege, medtem ko je druga skupina izboljšala samo funkcionalni doseg z nogo. Obe skupini sta statistično značilno zmanjšali trajanje testa štirih kvadratov. Pri testih statičnega ravnotežja je do statistično značilnih razlik med skupinama prišlo pri povprečni amplitudi gibanja središča pritiska v anteriorno-posteriorni smeri, kjer je napredovala samo skupina z gimnastičnimi vajami. Obe skupini sta statistično značilno izboljšali ravnotežje med stojo na trdi in mehki podlagi z odprtimi očmi ter tandemsko stojo, medtem ko je skupina na napravah izboljšala tudi stojo na mehki podlagi z zaprtimi očmi. Ugotovili smo, da obe vadbi za moč pozitivno vplivata na ravnotežje, kar kaže, da je mišična moč pomembna pri ohranjanju drže in ravnotežja.

Keywords

šport;telesna dejavnost;starostniki;starejše osebe;ravnotežje;vadba moči;testi;mišična moč;vadba za moč;naprave;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization: UL FŠ - Faculty of Sport
Publisher: [K. Perne]
UDC: 796.012.266-053.88
COBISS: 5126577 Link will open in a new window
Views: 1279
Downloads: 849
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: COMPARISON OF TWO DIFFERENT STRENGTH TRAINING ON BALANCE TASKS PERFORMANCE IN ACTIVE OLDER ADULTS
Secondary abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine effects of two different strength training regimens on strength of choosen muscle gropus and their effects on balance tasks performance and correlations in older adults. The research included 30 participants, which were randomly devided assainged to two groups. First group participated in hypertrophy resistance training on fitness machines (15 participants, 65±4,6 years, 68,8±11,3 kg, 160,5±8,1 cm), while second group performed strength training with gymnastic exercises (15 participants, 66±4,8 years, 77,2±12,5 kg, 164,5±8,3 cm). Both groups performed 2 sessions weekly for 9 weeks. Measurements of different balance tests and maximal isometric voluntary contractions of chosen muscle groups were conducted before and after completed training protocol. Workout on fitness machines contained 10 different exercises; meanwhile gymnastic exercise training was made up of 12 different exercises. In both cases, exercises were mainly chosen to affect leg and trunk muscles. The results of the strength tests showed statistically significant changes in ankle and trunk extensors for both groups. Significant improvement in leg extensors torque was calculated for fitness machine group, meanwhile in other group significant improvement was noticed for trunk flexors. All functional reaches were significantly improved in fitness machine group, while improvements in other group were calculated for leg functional reach forward and backward. Both group statistically improved balance while standing on hard and soft ground with eyes open and while tandem standing, meanwhile the fitness machine group also improved stance on soft ground with eyes closed. We came to a conclusion, that both strength training regimens have positive influence on balance, because muscle strength is very important for postural control and balance.
Secondary keywords: physical activity;sport;muscle strength;strength straining;balance;older adults;fitness machines;
Type (COBISS): Master's thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE): 1970-01-01
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Fak. za šport
Pages: 96 f.
ID: 9605199