(pregled literature)
Petra Šinkovec (Author), Darja Rugelj (Reviewer), Renata Vauhnik (Mentor), Daša Weber (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Uvod: med najpogosteje poškodovane sklepe sodi kolenski sklep, ki je eden od najbolj obremenjenih sklepov v človeškem telesu. Pri poškodbi kolena je najpogosteje poškodovana sprednja križna vez (SKV). Večje število poškodb SKV pa je nekontaktnih. Visoko incidenco poškodb SKV imajo vsi športi, kjer so vključeni poskoki, hitro ustavljanje in hitre menjave smeri z nepremičnim stopalom, strižni gibi in vrtenje ter pristajanje iz skoka na eno nogo. Z ustreznimi preventivnimi vadbenimi programi se lahko pojavnost nekontaktnih poškodb SKV zmanjša za približno 50−65 %. Namen: namen diplomskega dela je na osnovi pregleda objavljene strokovne in znanstvene literature analizirati učinkovitost preventivnih vadbenih programov za preprečevanje poškodb SKV pri nogometaših in nogometašicah. Metode dela: uporabljena je bila opisna metoda dela s pregledom ter analizo strokovne in znanstvene literature. Literatura je bila iskana v angleškem jeziku v podatkovnih bazah CINAHL, PubMED, Springerlink in SAGE journals. Samostojno ali v kombinaciji so bile uporabljene naslednje ključne besede: ACL, ACL injury, football/soccer, neuro-muscular prevention program. Rezultati: deset raziskav, ki so primerjale število novonastalih poškodb SKV med raziskovalno in kontrolno skupino in v katerih so preiskovanci v raziskovalnih skupinah opravljali treninge po preventivnih vadbenih programih, je bilo vključenih v diplomsko nalogo. V večini raziskav so avtorji prikazali manjše število poškodb SKV v raziskovalni skupini, ki je izvajala preventivni trening. Razprava in sklep: na učinkovitost preventivnih programov in preprečevanje poškodb SKV vpliva več dejavnikov, še posebej vadbene komponente programa. Glede na pregled literature so bili učinkovitejši tisti vadbeni programi, ki so vključevali vsaj dve vadbeni komponenti od štirih: vadbo za mišično zmogljivost trupa in spodnjih udov, pliometrično vadbo, senzori-motorično vadbo ter povratno informacijo o pravilni izvedbi vaj. Intenziteta, trajanje ter pogostnost teh vadbenih komponent pa kljub velikemu številu raziskav o preventivnih programih in preprečevanju poškodb SKV še niso točno definirani. Preventivni vadbeni programi se morajo osredotočiti predvsem na zmanjševanje rizičnih dejavnikov za nastanek nekontaktnih poškodb SKV. Vplivati morajo na izboljšanje proprioceptivnega priliva, dobro mišično zmogljivost mišic spodnjih udov in trupa ter pravilne tehnike poskokov in pristajanja nogometašev in nogometašic.

Keywords

diplomska dela;fizioterapija;kolenski sklep;poškodbe;sprednja križna vez;nogomet;preprečevanje poškodb;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL ZF - University College of Health Studies
Publisher: [P. Šinkovec]
UDC: 615.8
COBISS: 5267819 Link will open in a new window
Views: 1669
Downloads: 1032
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Effects of training programs on the prevention anterior cruciate ligament injuries in football players
Secondary abstract: Introduction: Knee is the most commonly injured joint and the most stress in the human body. In soccer is a high incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Most ACL injuries in athletes are noncontact injuries, with a mechanism of sudden deceleration, change in direction or landing from a jump. Studies have shown reductions in lower extremity injury rates using prevention protocols that can reduce ACL injury for 50%-65%. Objectives: To analyse effects of training programs on the prevention anterior cruciate ligament injuries in football players based on the review of scientific literature. Methods: The used articles were collected from CINAHL, PubMED, Springerlink and SAGE journals. Articles were published between 2000 and 2016 and written in English. Results: Literature review of ten included studies demonstrated significantly greater knee injury reduction in footballers who were categorized in the preventive group compared with those who were in the control group. Conclusion: The effectiveness of prevention programs in the prevention of ACL injuries is influenced by several factors. Especially training and program components.Better results have those programs who using training protocols that focus on land-ing mechanics, pliometric training, balance training, strength training, feedback and/or agility training. Intensity, duration and frequency of training component, despite the large number of studies on preventive programs in the prevention of ACL injuries, have not been precisely defined. Prevention programs should focus on reducing risk factors for the occurrence of non-contact ACL injuries.
Secondary keywords: diploma theses;physiotherapy;knee joint;injuries;anterior cruciate ligament;football;socker;injury prevention;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE): 1970-01-01
Thesis comment: Dipl. delo (bolonjski študij), Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za fizioterapijo
Pages: 23 str.
ID: 9630660